Insect Ethology and Chemical Ecology Laboratory, Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Mar;75(3):744-752. doi: 10.1002/ps.5174. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
After herbivore attack, plants express inducible resistance-related traits activated by hormones, mainly jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). Methyl jasmonate (MeJa) is a biologically active methyl ester of JA. Exogenous applications of JA, SA, and MeJa induce responses similar to herbivory by insects. In this study, rice, Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae), plants were treated with two concentrations of MeJa (2 and 5 mmol L ), two concentrations of SA (8 and 16 mmol L ) and herbivory to evaluate effects of elicitation and herbivory on resistance to the rice stink bug (RSB) Oebalus pugnax Fabricius, 1775 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), an injurious insect pest of rice in the United States.
Nymphs developing on plants treated with SA 16 mmol L took longer to reach adulthood than nymphs developing on check plants. Grains per panicle were higher in plants treated with SA 16 mmol L and MeJa in both concentrations than in check treatment. Plants treated with SA emitted five of six volatile compounds identified in equal or higher amounts than plants subjected to previous herbivory, particularly methyl salicylate, a known defense-related compound. Salicylic acid 16 mmol L was the treatment that elicited the highest amount of all volatiles. In the field assay, plots treated with SA 16 mmol L showed lower spikelet sterility and a tendency for fewer bugs to be found in plots.
Rice plants possess defense mechanisms that can be elicited using hormones as elicitors, mainly SA 16 mmol L , to induce resistance against RSB. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
在食草动物攻击后，植物会表达激素（主要是茉莉酸 (JA) 和水杨酸 (SA)）诱导的抗性相关特性。茉莉甲酯 (MeJa) 是 JA 的生物活性甲酯。JA、SA 和 MeJa 的外源应用会诱导类似于昆虫取食的反应。在这项研究中，用两种浓度的 MeJa（2 和 5 mmol L）、两种浓度的 SA（8 和 16 mmol L）和取食处理水稻，以评估诱导和取食对水稻褐飞虱（RSB）Oebalus pugnax Fabricius，1775（半翅目：Pentatomidae）抗性的影响，美国水稻的一种有害害虫。
在 SA 16 mmol L 处理的植物上发育的若虫比对照植物上发育的若虫达到成虫期的时间更长。在 SA 16 mmol L 和两种浓度的 MeJa 处理的植物中，每穗粒数高于对照处理。与以前的取食相比，用 SA 处理的植物释放了六种挥发性化合物中的五种，且释放量相等或更高，特别是水杨酸甲酯，这是一种已知的与防御相关的化合物。SA 16 mmol L 是激发所有挥发物的最高量的处理。在田间试验中，用 SA 16 mmol L 处理的小区表现出较低的小穗不育率和小区中发现的虫子数量减少的趋势。
水稻植物具有防御机制，可以用激素作为诱导剂来激发，主要是 SA 16 mmol L，以诱导对 RSB 的抗性。© 2018 化学工业协会。
