Zheng Zhiqiang, Paul Subha Sankar, Mo Xiaobing, Yuan Yu-Ren Adam, Tan Yee-Joo
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore117558, Singapore.
Vaccines (Basel). 2018 Aug 10;6(3):53. doi: 10.3390/vaccines6030053.
Initial attempts to develop monoclonal antibodies as therapeutics to resolve influenza infections focused mainly on searching for antibodies with the potential to neutralise the virus in vitro with classical haemagglutination inhibition and microneutralisation assays. This led to the identification of many antibodies that bind to the head domain of haemagglutinin (HA), which generally have potent neutralisation capabilities that block viral entry or viral membrane fusion. However, this class of antibodies has a narrow breadth of protection in that they are usually strain-specific. This led to the emphasis on stalk-targeting antibodies, which are able to bind a broad range of viral targets that span across different influenza subtypes. Recently, a third class of antibodies targeting the vestigial esterase (VE) domain have been characterised. In this review, we describe the key features of neutralising VE-targeting antibodies and compare them with head- and stalk-class antibodies.
最初将单克隆抗体开发为治疗流感感染的疗法的尝试主要集中在通过经典的血凝抑制和微量中和试验寻找具有在体外中和病毒潜力的抗体。这导致鉴定出许多与血凝素（HA）头部结构域结合的抗体，这些抗体通常具有强大的中和能力，可阻断病毒进入或病毒膜融合。然而，这类抗体的保护范围较窄，因为它们通常具有菌株特异性。这导致了对靶向茎部的抗体的重视，这类抗体能够结合广泛的病毒靶点，涵盖不同的流感亚型。最近，已对靶向残留酯酶（VE）结构域的第三类抗体进行了表征。在本综述中，我们描述了中和VE靶向抗体的关键特征，并将它们与靶向头部和茎部的抗体进行比较。
