MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Shenzhen Engineering Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Key Lab. of Infection & Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518112, China.
J Infect. 2019 Apr;78(4):317-322. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.08.006. Epub 2018 Aug 11.
An improved understanding of the gut microbiota could lead to better strategies for the diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis of tuberculosis (TB). The impact of both Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and anti-TB treatment on the gut microbiota has rarely been studied.
We characterized the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in pulmonary TB patients as well as the effects of anti-TB drugs on the gut microbiota.
Pulmonary Mtb infection led to a minor decrease in the α diversity of the gut microbiota when compared to healthy controls, which mainly resulted from changes in the relative abundance of the members of genus Bacteroides. Anti-TB therapy caused a rapid, significant alteration in the community structure. The relative abundance of members of genus Clostridiales of the phylum Firmicutes significantly decreased during anti-TB treatment, while many members of genus Bacteroides, including Bacteroides OTU230 and Bacteroides fragilis, were among the taxa that increased. OTU8 and OTU2972 assigned to family Erysipelotrichaceae of the phylum Firmicutes showed a dramatic increase 1 week after the start of therapy, while the other members of this family decreased.
Pulmonary TB and anti-TB treatment caused a distinct dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Our study contributes valuable information implying potential links between the gut microbiota and TB.
对肠道微生物组的深入了解可能会为结核病（TB）的诊断、治疗和预防提供更好的策略。分枝杆菌（Mtb）感染和抗 TB 治疗对肠道微生物组的影响很少被研究。
我们描述了肺结核患者肠道微生物组的多样性和组成，以及抗 TB 药物对肠道微生物组的影响。
与健康对照相比，肺部 Mtb 感染导致肠道微生物组的 α 多样性略有下降，这主要是由于属 Bacteroides 成员的相对丰度发生了变化。抗 TB 治疗会导致群落结构迅速、显著改变。厚壁菌门 Firmicutes 的属 Clostridiales 的成员相对丰度在抗 TB 治疗期间显著下降，而属 Bacteroides 中的许多成员，包括 Bacteroides OTU230 和 Bacteroides fragilis，是增加的分类群之一。Firmicutes 的属 Erysipelotrichaceae 的 OTU8 和 OTU2972 在治疗开始后 1 周内急剧增加，而该科的其他成员则减少。
肺结核和抗 TB 治疗导致肠道微生物组明显失调。我们的研究提供了有价值的信息，暗示了肠道微生物组与结核病之间可能存在联系。
