Arias Maria Belen, Elfekih Samia, Vogler Alfried P
Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, United Kingdom.
Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom.
PeerJ. 2018 Aug 7;6:e5340. doi: 10.7717/peerj.5340. eCollection 2018.
Invasive species are a growing threat to food biosecurity and cause significant economic losses in agricultural systems. Despite their damaging effect, they are attractive models for the study of evolution and adaptation in newly colonised environments. The Mediterranean fruit fly, , as a member of the family Tephritidae, is one of the most studied invasive species feeding on many fruit crops in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. This study aims to determine the global macrogeographic population structure of and reconstruct its potential migration routes.
A partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene from >400 individual medflies and 14 populations from four continents was sequenced and subjected to Bayesian demographic modelling.
The Afrotropical populations (Kenya, South Africa and Ghana) harbour the majority of haplotypes detected, which also are highly divergent, in accordance with the presumed ancestral range of medflies in Sub-Saharan Africa. All other populations in the presumed non-native areas were dominated by a single haplotype also present in South Africa, in addition to a few, closely related haplotypes unique to a single local population or regional set, but missing from Africa. Bayesian coalescence methods revealed recent migration pathways from Africa to all continents, in addition to limited bidirectional migration among many local and intercontinental routes.
The detailed investigation of the recent migration history highlights the interconnectedness of affected crop production regions worldwide and pinpoints the routes and potential source areas requiring more specific quarantine measures.
入侵物种对粮食生物安全的威胁日益增加，并给农业系统造成重大经济损失。尽管它们具有破坏性影响，但却是研究新殖民环境中进化与适应的有吸引力的模型。地中海实蝇作为实蝇科的一员，是世界上研究最多的入侵物种之一，以全球热带和亚热带地区的许多水果作物为食。本研究旨在确定地中海实蝇的全球宏观地理种群结构，并重建其潜在的迁移路线。
对来自四大洲14个种群的400多只地中海实蝇个体的线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I基因部分序列进行测序，并进行贝叶斯种群动态建模。
根据推测的撒哈拉以南非洲地中海实蝇祖先分布范围，非洲热带种群（肯尼亚、南非和加纳）拥有检测到的大多数单倍型，且这些单倍型也高度分化。除了少数仅在单个当地种群或区域中存在且在非洲未发现的密切相关单倍型外，推测的非原生地区的所有其他种群都以南非也存在的单一单倍型为主。贝叶斯合并方法揭示了除许多本地和洲际路线之间有限的双向迁移外，近期从非洲到所有大陆的迁移路径。
对近期迁移历史的详细调查突出了全球受影响作物产区的相互联系，并确定了需要采取更具体检疫措施的路线和潜在来源地区。
