Plachtová Pavla, Medříková Zdenka, Zbořil Radek, Tuček Jiří, Varma Rajender S, Maršálek Blahoslav
Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidická 25/27, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2018 Jun 6;6:8679-8687. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00986.
In recent years, iron-based nanoparticles (FeNPs) have been successfully used in environmental remediation and water treatment. This study examined ecotoxicity of two FeNPs produced by green tea extract (smGT, GTFe) and their ability to degrade malachite green (MG). Their physicochemical properties were assessed using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy. Using a battery of ecotoxicological bioassays, we determined toxicity for nine different organisms, including bacteria, cyanobacterium, algae, plants, and crustaceans. GTFe, amorphous complex of Fe(II, III) ions and polyphenols from green tea extract, proved low capacity to degrade MG and was toxic to all tested organisms. Superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (smGT) derived from GTFe, showed no toxic effect on most of the tested organisms up to a concentration of 1g/L, except for algae and cyanobacterium and removed 93 % MG at concentration 125 mg Fe/L after 60 minutes. The procedure described in this paper generates new superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs from existing and toxic GTFe, which are nontoxic and has degradative potential for organic compounds. These findings suggest low ecotoxicological risks and suitability of this green-synthesized FeNPs for environmental remediation purposes.
近年来，铁基纳米颗粒（FeNPs）已成功应用于环境修复和水处理。本研究考察了由绿茶提取物制备的两种铁基纳米颗粒（smGT、GTFe）的生态毒性及其降解孔雀石绿（MG）的能力。采用透射电子显微镜、X射线粉末衍射、动态光散射和透射穆斯堡尔谱对其理化性质进行了评估。通过一系列生态毒理学生物测定，我们确定了这两种纳米颗粒对九种不同生物的毒性，包括细菌、蓝藻、藻类、植物和甲壳类动物。GTFe是铁（II、III）离子与绿茶提取物中多酚形成的无定形复合物，降解MG的能力较低，且对所有受试生物均有毒性。由GTFe衍生而来的超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（smGT），在浓度高达1g/L时，对大多数受试生物没有毒性，但对藻类和蓝藻有毒性，在125mg Fe/L的浓度下，60分钟后可去除93%的MG。本文所述方法利用现有的有毒GTFe制备出了新的超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒，这些纳米颗粒无毒且对有机化合物具有降解潜力。这些发现表明这种绿色合成的铁基纳米颗粒生态毒理学风险较低，适用于环境修复。
