Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Nottingham University Business School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2019 Sep 30;41(3):583-592. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy141.
Armed conflict in Nigeria resulted in more than 2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs). IDPs live in poor conditions lacking basic resources with variable provision across different locations. This audit aimed to determine the health-related resources available to IDPs in camp-like settings in Nigeria and whether these met international standards.
Using a cross-sectional study approach, information was collected in nine camps across seven states from camp managers, and direct observation in September-October 2016. The Sphere minimum standards in humanitarian crises were used as the audit standards.
The 5 of 15 assessed standards were met to some extent, including the availability of water and shelter. Sanitation and vaccination were unmet in five camps, with severe overcrowding in five camps, and inadequate waste disposal in all camps. Health programme implementation was uneven, and especially poor in self-settled and dispersed settlements.
Inequality in distribution of humanitarian support was observed across different settings, which could lead to a higher likelihood of water, food and air-related diseases and thereby, a poorer quality of life for IDPs. Ensuring standardized health assessments could promote a more even distribution of resources across IDP locations.
尼日利亚的武装冲突导致超过 200 万国内流离失所者（IDPs）。IDPs 生活在条件差、缺乏基本资源的环境中，不同地点的资源供应情况也各不相同。本次审计旨在确定尼日利亚类似营地中 IDPs 可获得的与健康相关的资源，以及这些资源是否符合国际标准。
采用横断面研究方法，于 2016 年 9 月至 10 月在七个州的九个营地收集营地经理的信息，并进行直接观察。Sphere 人道主义危机最低标准被用作审计标准。
在评估的 15 个标准中，有 5 个标准在一定程度上得到了满足，包括水和住所的供应。五个营地的卫生和疫苗接种未得到满足，五个营地严重过度拥挤，所有营地的废物处理都不充分。卫生方案的实施不均衡，特别是在自行安置和分散的定居点更是如此。
在不同的环境中观察到人道主义支持分配的不平等，这可能导致更高的水、食物和空气相关疾病的可能性，并因此导致 IDPs 的生活质量更差。确保标准化的健康评估可以促进 IDP 地点之间更均匀地分配资源。
