CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Australia.
Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, NW1 4RY, United Kingdom.
Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 24;8(1):12744. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31193-z.
Bats are implicated as the natural reservoirs for several highly pathogenic viruses that can infect other animal species, including man. Here, we investigate the potential for two recently discovered bat rubulaviruses, Achimota virus 1 (AchPV1) and Achimota virus 2 (AchPV2), isolated from urine collected under urban bat (Eidolon helvum) roosts in Ghana, West Africa, to infect small laboratory animals. AchPV1 and AchPV2 are classified in the family Paramyxoviridae and cluster with other bat derived zoonotic rubulaviruses (i.e. Sosuga, Menangle and Tioman viruses). To assess the susceptibility of AchPV1 and AchPV2 in animals, infection studies were conducted in ferrets, guinea pigs and mice. Seroconversion, immunohistological evidence of infection, and viral shedding were identified in ferrets and guinea pigs, but not in mice. Infection was associated with respiratory disease in ferrets. Viral genome was detected in a range of tissues from ferrets and guinea pigs, however virus isolation was only achieved from ferret tissues. The results from this study indicate Achimota viruses (AchPVs) are able to cross the species barrier. Consequently, vigilance for infection with and disease caused by these viruses in people and domesticated animals is warranted in sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula where the reservoir hosts are present.
蝙蝠被认为是几种高致病性病毒的天然宿主，这些病毒可以感染其他动物物种，包括人类。在这里，我们研究了最近从加纳西部城市蝙蝠（Eidolon helvum）栖息地收集的尿液中分离出的两种蝙蝠 Rubulavirus，Achimota 病毒 1（AchPV1）和 Achimota 病毒 2（AchPV2），是否有可能感染小型实验动物。AchPV1 和 AchPV2 被归类为副粘病毒科，与其他蝙蝠来源的人畜共患 Rubulavirus（即 Sosuga、Menangle 和 Tioman 病毒）聚类。为了评估 AchPV1 和 AchPV2 在动物中的易感性，在雪貂、豚鼠和小鼠中进行了感染研究。在雪貂和豚鼠中检测到了血清转化、感染的免疫组织学证据和病毒脱落，但在小鼠中没有。感染与雪貂的呼吸道疾病有关。从雪貂和豚鼠的一系列组织中检测到了病毒基因组，但仅从雪貂组织中分离到了病毒。这项研究的结果表明，Achimota 病毒（AchPVs）能够跨越物种屏障。因此，在撒哈拉以南非洲和阿拉伯半岛这些宿主存在的地区，需要警惕这些病毒在人和家畜中的感染和疾病。
