Laboratoire des Interaction Virus Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Laboratoire des Interaction Virus Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Infect Genet Evol. 2021 Jun;90:104769. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104769. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
Bats are recognized as reservoirs of numerous viruses. Among them, paramyxoviruses, for example, Hendra and Nipah viruses, are highly pathogenic to humans. Nothing is known regarding the circulation of this viral family in bats from French Guiana. To search for the presence of paramyxoviruses in this territory, 103 bats of seven different species were sampled and screened using a molecular approach. Four distinct paramyxovirus sequences were detected from three bat species (Desmodus rotundus, Carollia perspicillata, and Pteronotus alitonus) at high prevalence rates. In D. rotundus, two types of paramyxovirus co-circulate, with most of the bats co-infected. The phylogenetic analysis of these sequences revealed that three of them were closely related to previously characterized sequences from D. rotundus, C. perspicillata, and P. parnellii from Brazil and Costa Rica. The fourth sequence, identified in D. rotundus, was closely related to the one detected in P. alitonus in French Guiana and to previously described sequences detected in P. parnellii in Costa Rica. All paramyxovirus sequences detected in this study are close to the Jeilongvirus genus. Altogether, our results and those of previous studies indicate a wide geographical distribution of these paramyxoviruses (from Central to South America) and suggest potential cross-species transmissions of paramyxoviruses between two different bat families: Mormoopidae (P. alitonus) and Phyllostomidae (D. rotundus). In addition, their closeness to paramyxoviruses identified in rodents emphasizes the need to investigate the role of these animals as potential reservoirs or incidental hosts. Finally, the high prevalence rates of some paramyxoviruses in certain bat species, associated with the presence of large bat colonies and, in some cases, their potential proximity with humans are all parameters that can contribute to the risk of cross-species transmission between bat species and to the emergence of new paramyxoviruses in humans, a risk that deserves further investigation.
蝙蝠被认为是许多病毒的宿主。其中，副粘病毒，例如亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒，对人类具有高度致病性。目前尚不清楚法属圭亚那的蝙蝠中这种病毒家族的循环情况。为了在该地区寻找副粘病毒的存在，对来自 7 种不同物种的 103 只蝙蝠进行了采样，并通过分子方法进行了筛选。从三种蝙蝠（吸血蝠、毛腿果蝠和棕蝠）中检测到四种不同的副粘病毒序列，且检出率较高。在吸血蝠中，两种类型的副粘病毒共同循环，大多数蝙蝠都受到了感染。这些序列的系统发育分析表明，其中三种与先前从巴西和哥斯达黎加的吸血蝠、毛腿果蝠和帕氏果蝠中鉴定出的序列密切相关。在吸血蝠中检测到的第四种序列与在法属圭亚那的棕蝠中检测到的序列以及在哥斯达黎加检测到的先前描述的序列密切相关。本研究中检测到的所有副粘病毒序列都与杰伊龙病毒属密切相关。总的来说，我们的研究结果和以前的研究表明，这些副粘病毒（从中美洲到南美洲）的地理分布广泛，并表明两种不同蝙蝠科（棕蝠和吸血蝠）之间存在潜在的跨种传播。此外，它们与在啮齿动物中鉴定出的副粘病毒的密切关系强调了需要研究这些动物作为潜在宿主或偶然宿主的作用。最后，某些蝙蝠物种中某些副粘病毒的高检出率，与大型蝙蝠群的存在有关，并且在某些情况下，它们可能与人类接近，这些都是导致蝙蝠种间传播风险增加的因素，以及人类中出现新的副粘病毒的风险，这一风险值得进一步研究。
