微小RNA在癌症中的转化应用及其治疗意义。

Kwok Grace T, Zhao Jing Ting, Weiss Jocelyn, Mugridge Nancy, Brahmbhatt Himanshu, MacDiarmid Jennifer A, Robinson Bruce G, Sidhu Stan B

Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, 2065 NSW, Australia.

Northern Clinical School, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Noncoding RNA Res. 2017 Dec 20;2(3-4):143-150. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2017.12.002. eCollection 2017 Sep.

The search for targeted novel therapies for cancer is ongoing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) display a number of characteristics making them an attractive and realisable option. In this review, we explore these applications, ranging from diagnostics, prognostics, disease surveillance, to being a primary therapy or a tool to sensitise patients to treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We take a particular perspective towards miRNAs and their impact on rare cancers. Advancement in the delivery of miRNAs, from viral vectors and liposomal delivery to nanoparticle based, has led to a number of pre-clinical and clinical applications for microRNA cancer therapeutics. This is promising, especially in the setting of rare cancers.

针对癌症的靶向新型疗法的研究正在进行中。微小RNA（miRNA）具有许多特性，使其成为一个有吸引力且切实可行的选择。在本综述中，我们探讨了这些应用，从诊断、预后评估、疾病监测，到作为主要治疗手段或使患者对化疗和放疗等治疗方式敏感的工具。我们对miRNA及其对罕见癌症的影响持特定观点。从病毒载体、脂质体递送发展到基于纳米颗粒的miRNA递送技术的进步，已为miRNA癌症治疗带来了许多临床前和临床应用。这很有前景，尤其是在罕见癌症的治疗方面。