Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of the Ministry of Education of China, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Shanghai Longyou Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China.
J Anim Sci. 2018 Nov 21;96(11):4768-4779. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky338.
This study investigated the effects of supplementing sow diets with lysozyme during the late gestation to lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring. Sixty sows (Yorkshire × Landrace, 3 to 6 of parity) at day 85 of gestation were allocated to the following 3 dietary treatments: 1) sows fed a basal diet from late gestation to lactation (control, n = 20), 2) sows fed a basal diet with lysozyme 150 g/t (LZM 150, n = 20), and 3) sows fed a basal diet with lysozyme 300 g/t (LZM 300, n = 20). During the lactation period, sows fed diets containing lysozyme had increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.01) and decreased weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI, P < 0.05), but there were no significant effects on backfat during the trial among treatments. Sows fed lysozyme diets had increased (P < 0.05) serum concentration of total protein (TP) compared with those fed the control diets. Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) of the sows increased (P < 0.05) on day 1 of lactation, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) increased (P < 0.05) on day 7 of lactation, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) had a tendency to increase (P = 0.05) during the lactation. Milk concentration of IgA increased (P < 0.05) on day 1 and 7 of lactation and tended to be greater (P = 0.06) on day 21 of lactation. No significant differences among the dietary treatments were observed in placental tissue mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), or the concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, or secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). Moreover, there was a decrease (P < 0.05) in stillborn in sows fed lysozyme diets. The diarrhea rate decreased (P < 0.05) and serum concentrations of IgA, IgG, IgM, and IL-10 increased (P < 0.05) in piglets from sows fed the diets containing lysozyme compared with piglets from sows fed the control diet. The serum concentrations of TP increased (P < 0.05), and albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB) had a tendency to increase (P = 0.08, P = 0.06) in piglets from sows fed the diets containing lysozyme compared with piglets from sows fed the control diet. In conclusion, this study indicates that feeding sows diets supplemented with lysozyme from the late gestation through lactation stage increased sow ADFI during the lactation, shortened the WEI, and improved the maternal and offspring health status as indicated by immunological characteristics and a reduced incidence of diarrhea in piglets.
本研究旨在探讨在妊娠后期至泌乳期向母猪日粮中添加溶菌酶对母猪及其后代性能的影响。60 头母猪（约克夏 × 长白，3-6 胎次）在妊娠第 85 天被分配到以下 3 种日粮处理中：1）母猪从妊娠后期到泌乳期都饲喂基础日粮（对照组，n = 20）；2）母猪饲喂添加 150 g/t 溶菌酶的基础日粮（LZM 150，n = 20）；3）母猪饲喂添加 300 g/t 溶菌酶的基础日粮（LZM 300，n = 20）。在泌乳期，饲喂含溶菌酶日粮的母猪的平均日采食量（ADFI）增加（P < 0.01），断奶至发情间隔（WEI）缩短（P < 0.05），但试验期间各处理组间的背膘厚无显著差异。与对照组相比，饲喂溶菌酶日粮的母猪血清总蛋白（TP）浓度升高（P < 0.05）。母猪泌乳第 1 天血清免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）升高（P < 0.05），第 7 天血清免疫球蛋白 A（IgA）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）升高（P < 0.05），第 21 天血清免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）有升高趋势（P = 0.05）。泌乳第 1 天和第 7 天，乳中 IgA 浓度升高（P < 0.05），泌乳第 21 天乳中 IgA 浓度有升高趋势（P = 0.06）。在胎盘组织中，白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、多聚免疫球蛋白受体（pIgR）的 mRNA 表达以及 IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、分泌型免疫球蛋白 A（sIgA）的浓度在各日粮处理组间均无显著差异。此外，饲喂溶菌酶日粮的母猪死产减少（P < 0.05）。与饲喂对照组日粮的母猪相比，饲喂含溶菌酶日粮的母猪所产仔猪腹泻率降低（P < 0.05），血清 IgA、IgG、IgM 和 IL-10 浓度升高（P < 0.05）。与饲喂对照组日粮的母猪所产仔猪相比，饲喂含溶菌酶日粮的母猪所产仔猪血清 TP 浓度升高（P < 0.05），白蛋白（ALB）和球蛋白（GLB）有升高趋势（P = 0.08，P = 0.06）。综上所述，本研究表明，妊娠后期至泌乳期向母猪日粮中添加溶菌酶可增加母猪泌乳期 ADFI，缩短 WEI，并通过仔猪免疫特性和腹泻发生率降低改善母猪及其后代的健康状况。
