Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019 Jul;73(7):1015-1023. doi: 10.1038/s41430-018-0296-6. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Low/moderate alcohol consumption seems to be protective against cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to investigate the association of wine/beer consumption with the 10-year CVD incidence.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: During 2001-2002, 3042 CVD-free adults consented to participate in the ATTICA study; of them 2583 completed the 10-year follow-up (85% participation rate), but precise information about fatal/nonfatal CVD incidence (myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, cardiac ischemia, heart failure, chronic arrhythmias, and stroke) was available in 2020 participants (overall retention rate 66%). Alcohol/ethanol intake and the alcoholic beverages consumed were assessed; participants were categorized into three groups (no use; ≤1 glass/week; >1 glass/week).
Alcohol drinking was reported by 56% of the participants who did not develop a CVD event and 49% of those who had (p = 0.04); whereas ethanol intake was 14 ± 16 g among those who did not had an event vs. 21 ± 18 g among those who had a CVD event (p < 0.001). A strong inverse and similar association between low wine/beer intake (≤1 glass/week) and the risk of developing CVD was observed [HR: 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.17-0.98; and HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.93, respectively], as compared to abstention. No significant association was found in participants exceeding drinking 1 glass/week compared with abstainers. Compared to <2 g/day ethanol intake, participants who reported 2-10, 10-20, and >20 g/day had CVD-risk HRs (95% CI) of 0.60 (0.40-0.98), 1.22 (0.60-1.14), and 1.81 (0.70-4.61), respectively.
This study revealed similar results of low wine/beer consumption against CVD incidence, mainly due to its implication on low-grade chronic inflammation.
背景/目的：低/中度饮酒似乎对心血管疾病（CVD）有保护作用。本研究旨在探讨葡萄酒/啤酒的摄入量与 10 年 CVD 发病率的关系。
对象/方法：2001-2002 年，3042 名无 CVD 的成年人同意参加 ATTICA 研究；其中 2583 人完成了 10 年随访（参与率 85%），但只有 2020 名参与者（总体保留率 66%）提供了关于致命/非致命 CVD 发病率（心肌梗死、心绞痛、心肌缺血、心力衰竭、慢性心律失常和中风）的确切信息。评估了酒精/乙醇的摄入量和饮用的酒精饮料；参与者被分为三组（不饮酒；每周≤1 杯；每周>1 杯）。
在未发生 CVD 事件的参与者中，有 56%报告饮酒，在发生 CVD 事件的参与者中，有 49%报告饮酒（p=0.04）；而在未发生 CVD 事件的参与者中，乙醇摄入量为 14±16g，在发生 CVD 事件的参与者中，乙醇摄入量为 21±18g（p<0.001）。低葡萄酒/啤酒摄入量（每周≤1 杯）与 CVD 发病风险呈强负相关且相似[风险比（HR）：0.40，95%置信区间（CI）：0.17-0.98；HR：0.43，95%CI：0.20-0.93]，与不饮酒相比。与不饮酒相比，每周饮酒超过 1 杯的参与者与不饮酒者之间没有显著关联。与每天摄入<2g 乙醇相比，报告每天摄入 2-10g、10-20g 和>20g 乙醇的参与者的 CVD 风险 HR（95%CI）分别为 0.60（0.40-0.98）、1.22（0.60-1.14）和 1.81（0.70-4.61）。
本研究揭示了低葡萄酒/啤酒摄入对 CVD 发病率的相似影响，主要归因于其对低度慢性炎症的影响。
