Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 4810101, Chile.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 17;15(12):2785. doi: 10.3390/nu15122785.
: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was: (i) to examine the association between wine consumption and cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and coronary heart disease (CHD) and (ii) to analyse whether this association could be influenced by personal and study factors, including the participants' mean age, the percentage of female subjects, follow-up time and percentage of current smokers. : In order to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched several databases for longitudinal studies from their inception to March 2023. This study was previously registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021293568). : This systematic review included 25 studies, of which the meta-analysis included 22 studies. The pooled RR for the association of wine consumption and the risk of CHD using the DerSimonian and Laird approach was 0.76 (95% CIs: 0.69, 0.84), for the risk of CVD was 0.83 (95% CIs: 0.70, 0.98), and for the risk of cardiovascular mortality was 0.73 (95% CIs: 0.59, 0.90). : This research revealed that wine consumption has an inverse relationship to cardiovascular mortality, CVD, and CHD. Age, the proportion of women in the samples, and follow-up time did not influence this association. Interpreting these findings with prudence was necessary because increasing wine intake might be harmful to individuals who are vulnerable to alcohol because of age, medication, or their pathologies.
（i）检验饮酒与心血管疾病死亡率、心血管疾病（CVD）和冠心病（CHD）之间的相关性；（ii）分析这种相关性是否可能受个人和研究因素的影响，包括参与者的平均年龄、女性受试者的比例、随访时间和当前吸烟者的比例。
为了进行这项系统评价和荟萃分析，我们从创建到 2023 年 3 月在几个数据库中搜索了纵向研究。这项研究之前已在 PROSPERO（CRD42021293568）注册。
本系统评价包括 25 项研究，其中荟萃分析包括 22 项研究。使用 DerSimonian 和 Laird 方法，葡萄酒消费与 CHD 风险之间的汇总 RR 为 0.76（95%置信区间：0.69，0.84），与 CVD 风险相关的 RR 为 0.83（95%置信区间：0.70，0.98），与心血管疾病死亡率风险相关的 RR 为 0.73（95%置信区间：0.59，0.90）。
本研究表明，饮酒与心血管疾病死亡率、CVD 和 CHD 呈负相关。年龄、样本中女性的比例和随访时间并没有影响这种相关性。由于年龄、药物或病理原因，饮酒量增加可能对易受酒精影响的个体有害，因此需要谨慎解释这些发现。
