Caspani Lucia, Xiong Chunle, Eggleton Benjamin J, Bajoni Daniele, Liscidini Marco, Galli Matteo, Morandotti Roberto, Moss David J
Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK.
Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
Light Sci Appl. 2017 Nov 17;6(11):e17100. doi: 10.1038/lsa.2017.100. eCollection 2017 Nov.
The ability to generate complex optical photon states involving entanglement between multiple optical modes is not only critical to advancing our understanding of quantum mechanics but will play a key role in generating many applications in quantum technologies. These include quantum communications, computation, imaging, microscopy and many other novel technologies that are constantly being proposed. However, approaches to generating parallel multiple, customisable bi- and multi-entangled quantum bits (qubits) on a chip are still in the early stages of development. Here, we review recent advances in the realisation of integrated sources of photonic quantum states, focusing on approaches based on nonlinear optics that are compatible with contemporary optical fibre telecommunications and quantum memory platforms as well as with chip-scale semiconductor technology. These new and exciting platforms hold the promise of compact, low-cost, scalable and practical implementations of sources for the generation and manipulation of complex quantum optical states on a chip, which will play a major role in bringing quantum technologies out of the laboratory and into the real world.
生成涉及多个光学模式之间纠缠的复杂光学光子态的能力，不仅对于深化我们对量子力学的理解至关重要，而且在量子技术的诸多应用中也将发挥关键作用。这些应用包括量子通信、计算、成像、显微镜技术以及许多其他不断被提出的新技术。然而，在芯片上生成并行的多个可定制双纠缠和多纠缠量子比特（qubit）的方法仍处于早期发展阶段。在此，我们回顾了光子量子态集成源实现方面的最新进展，重点关注基于非线性光学的方法，这些方法与当代光纤通信和量子存储平台以及芯片级半导体技术兼容。这些新颖且令人兴奋的平台有望实现紧凑、低成本、可扩展且实用的芯片上复杂量子光学态生成与操纵源的实现，这将在把量子技术带出实验室并应用到现实世界中发挥重要作用。
