Department of Health Systems Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2019 Oct 26;21(11):1506-1516. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nty184.
To examine the benefits of a culturally targeted compared with a nontargeted smoking cessation intervention on smoking cessation outcomes among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) smokers.
A prospective randomized design was used to evaluate the added benefits of an LGBT culturally targeted Courage to Quit (CTQ-CT) smoking cessation treatment (N = 172) compared with the standard intervention (CTQ; N = 173). The smoking cessation program consisted of six treatment sessions combined with 8 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy. The primary smoking cessation outcome was 7-day point prevalence quit rates. Secondary outcomes examined included changes in nicotine dependence, nicotine withdrawal, cigarettes per day, smoking urges, self-efficacy, and readiness to quit.
Overall quit rates were 31.9% at 1 month, 21.1% at 3 months, 25.8% at 6 months, and 22.3% at 12 months. Quit rates did not differ between treatment groups [1 month OR = 0.81 (0.32, 2.09), 3 months OR = 0.65 (0.23, 1.78), 6 months OR = 0.45 (0.17, 1.21), 12 months OR = 0.70 (0.26, 1.91)]. Compared with baseline levels, all secondary smoking cessation outcomes measured were improved at 1 month and were maintained at 12-month follow-up. Compared with the CTQ, the CTQ-CT intervention was more highly rated on program effectiveness (d = 0.2, p = .011), intervention techniques (d = 0.2, p = .014), the treatment manual (d = 0.3, p < .001), and being targeted to the needs of LGBT smokers (d = 0.5, p < .0001).
LGBT smokers receiving the CTQ intervention achieved smoking cessation outcomes in the range reported for other demographic groups. Cultural targeting improved the acceptability of the intervention but did not confer any additional benefit for smoking cessation outcomes.
Study results have implications for understanding the benefits of culturally targeted compared with nontargeted smoking cessation interventions for improving smoking cessation outcomes among LGBT smokers. Shorter and longer term 7-day point prevalence quit rates associated with the targeted and nontargeted interventions were modest but comparable with other group-based interventions delivered in a community setting. Although cultural targeting improved the overall acceptability of the intervention, no added benefits were observed for the culturally targeted intervention on either the primary or secondary outcomes.
研究针对同性恋、双性恋和跨性别（LGBT）吸烟者的文化针对性戒烟干预与非针对性戒烟干预在戒烟结果方面的益处。
采用前瞻性随机设计，评估 LGBT 文化针对性勇气戒烟（CTQ-CT）戒烟治疗（N=172）与标准干预（CTQ；N=173）相比的附加益处。戒烟计划包括六次治疗课程，结合 8 周的尼古丁替代治疗。主要戒烟结果是 7 天点流行率戒烟率。次要结果包括尼古丁依赖、尼古丁戒断、每天吸烟量、吸烟冲动、自我效能感和戒烟意愿的变化。
1 个月时的总体戒烟率为 31.9%，3 个月时为 21.1%，6 个月时为 25.8%，12 个月时为 22.3%。治疗组之间的戒烟率没有差异[1 个月 OR=0.81（0.32，2.09），3 个月 OR=0.65（0.23，1.78），6 个月 OR=0.45（0.17，1.21），12 个月 OR=0.70（0.26，1.91）]。与基线水平相比，所有测量的次要戒烟结果在 1 个月时均得到改善，并在 12 个月随访时保持不变。与 CTQ 相比，CTQ-CT 干预在程序效果（d=0.2，p=0.011）、干预技术（d=0.2，p=0.014）、治疗手册（d=0.3，p<.001）和针对 LGBT 吸烟者的需求（d=0.5，p<.0001）方面的评价更高。
接受 CTQ 干预的 LGBT 吸烟者的戒烟结果处于报告的其他人群的范围内。文化针对性提高了干预措施的可接受性，但对戒烟结果没有任何额外益处。
研究结果对于理解文化针对性与非针对性戒烟干预在改善 LGBT 吸烟者戒烟结果方面的益处具有意义。与目标和非目标干预相关的短期和长期 7 天点流行率戒烟率适中，但与在社区环境中提供的其他基于群体的干预措施相当。尽管文化针对性提高了干预措施的整体可接受性，但在主要和次要结果方面，针对文化的干预措施都没有观察到额外的益处。
