College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Poult Sci. 2019 Feb 1;98(2):556-565. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey404.
Many studies have reported that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) is involved in the cell cycle. However, the function of CDKN3 has not been well elucidated in organisms. In this study, a multiallelic indel caused by a 19-bp fragment and a 2 × 19 bp fragment was shown for the first time to be inserted into the promoter of the CDKN3 gene in 1994 chickens from 9 different breeds. In addition, 6 genotypes (C5C5, C4C4, C3C3, C4C5, C3C4, and C3C5) were observed (C3C3, C4C4, C5C5 have 3 × 19 bp, 4 × 19 bp, and 5 × 19 bp, respectively). Among these genotypes, the C4C4 genotype was the most dominant genotype in 9 breeds. The results of χ2 analysis of CDKN3 gene in different breeds showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of genotypes among different cultivars (P < 0.01). In addition, association study with F2 chicken resource population which produced by Anka and Gushi chickens showed that the C3C4 genotypes had the greatest semi-evisceration weight (SEW, 1163.94 ± 46.84), evisceration weight (EW, 964.15 ± 41.16), head weight (HW, 45.55 ± 1.43), claw weight (CW, 63.42±2.86), wing weight (WW, 129.15±5.48), liver weight (LW, 29.96±1.27), carcass weight (cW, 1286.96±49.53), weight at 10 (1190.68±45.68) and 12 (1430.65±54.45) wk, followed by C3C3, C4C4, C5C5, C4C5, whereas C3C5 genotypes having the lowest SEW (989.21±47.71), EW (841.38±40.55), HW (41.03±1.46), CW (54.36±2.81), WW (116.31±5.39), LW (27.31±1.25), cW (1093.29±49.99), weight at 10 (1036.10±44.99) and 12 (1246.28±53.59) wk. Expression levels of CDKN3 in breast muscle of chickens with C4C4 (0.72±0.02), C3C3 (0.95±0.41), and C4C5 (0.74±0.13) genotypes were significantly lower than those with C5C5 (1.80±0.01) and C3C5 (2.14±0.17) genotypes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we investigated the effect of a multiallelic indel in the CDKN3 gene on the economic traits of chickens, and this indel was significantly associated with growth and carcass traits in chickens. Collectively, our findings provide useful information about the repeat sequence indel in the promoter region of the CDKN3 gene as a potential molecular marker for chicken breeding.
许多研究表明细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂 3（CDKN3）参与细胞周期。然而，CDKN3 的功能在生物体中尚未得到很好的阐明。在这项研究中，首次发现 1994 年来自 9 个不同品种的鸡中存在由 19 个碱基片段和 2×19 个碱基片段组成的多等位基因缺失插入到 CDKN3 基因的启动子中。此外，观察到 6 种基因型（C5C5、C4C4、C3C3、C4C5、C3C4 和 C3C5）（C3C3、C4C4、C5C5 分别具有 3×19bp、4×19bp 和 5×19bp）。在这些基因型中，C4C4 基因型是 9 个品种中最主要的基因型。不同品种 CDKN3 基因的 χ2 分析结果表明，不同品种之间基因型的分布存在显著差异（P<0.01）。此外，与安卡和固始鸡产生的 F2 鸡资源群体的关联研究表明，C3C4 基因型具有最大的半净膛重（SEW，1163.94±46.84）、净膛重（EW，964.15±41.16）、头重（HW，45.55±1.43）、爪重（CW，63.42±2.86）、翅重（WW，129.15±5.48）、肝重（LW，29.96±1.27）、胴体重（cW，1286.96±49.53）、10 周龄时的体重（1190.68±45.68）和 12 周龄时的体重（1430.65±54.45），其次是 C3C3、C4C4、C5C5、C4C5，而 C3C5 基因型的 SEW（989.21±47.71）、EW（841.38±40.55）、HW（41.03±1.46）、CW（54.36±2.81）、WW（116.31±5.39）、LW（27.31±1.25）、cW（1093.29±49.99）、10 周龄时的体重（1036.10±44.99）和 12 周龄时的体重（1246.28±53.59）最低。C4C4（0.72±0.02）、C3C3（0.95±0.41）和 C4C5（0.74±0.13）基因型鸡的 CDKN3 基因在胸肌中的表达水平明显低于 C5C5（1.80±0.01）和 C3C5（2.14±0.17）基因型（P<0.05）。总之，我们研究了 CDKN3 基因中的多等位基因缺失插入对鸡经济性状的影响，该缺失插入与鸡的生长和胴体性状显著相关。综上所述，我们的研究结果为 CDKN3 基因启动子区重复序列缺失插入作为鸡种分子标记提供了有用的信息。
