Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States.
Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.
Environ Res. 2018 Nov;167:591-597. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.08.019. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Prenatal particulate air pollution exposure may alter lung growth and development in utero in a time-sensitive and sex-specific manner, resulting in reduced lung function in childhood. Such relationships have not been examined for nitrate (NO).
We implemented Bayesian distributed lag interaction models (BDLIMs) to identify sensitive prenatal windows for the influence of NO on lung function at age 7 years, assessing effect modification by fetal sex. Analyses included 191 mother-child dyads. Daily ambient NO exposure over pregnancy was estimated using a hybrid chemical transport (Geos-Chem)/land-use regression model. Spirometry was performed at mean (SD) age of 6.99 (0.89) years, with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV) and forced vital capacity (FVC) z-scores accounting for child age, sex, height and race/ethnicity.
Most mothers were Hispanic (65%) or Black (22%), had ≤ high school education (67%), and never smoked (71%); 17% children had asthma. BDILMs adjusted for maternal age and education and child's asthma identified an early sensitive window of 6-12 weeks gestation, during which increased NO was significantly associated with reduced FEV z-scores specifically among boys. BDLIM analyses demonstrated similar sex-specific patterns for FVC.
Early gestational NO exposure is associated with reduced child lung function, especially in boys.
产前颗粒物空气污染暴露可能以时间敏感和性别特异性的方式改变子宫内的肺生长和发育，导致儿童时期肺功能下降。尚未研究硝酸盐 (NO) 与肺功能的这种关系。
我们实施了贝叶斯分布式滞后相互作用模型 (BDLIM)，以确定 NO 对 7 岁时肺功能的影响的敏感产前窗口，并评估胎儿性别对其的影响。分析包括 191 对母婴对子。孕期每日环境 NO 暴露量使用混合化学输送（Geos-Chem）/土地利用回归模型进行估算。平均（SD）年龄为 6.99（0.89）岁时进行肺活量测定，用力呼气量（FEV）和用力肺活量（FVC）z 评分考虑了儿童年龄、性别、身高和种族/民族。
大多数母亲为西班牙裔（65%）或黑人（22%），接受过≤高中教育（67%），从不吸烟（71%）；17%的儿童患有哮喘。调整母亲年龄和教育程度以及儿童哮喘的 BDLIM 确定了妊娠 6-12 周的早期敏感窗口，在此期间，NO 增加与男孩的 FEV z 评分降低显著相关。BDLIM 分析表明 FVC 也存在类似的性别特异性模式。
早期妊娠 NO 暴露与儿童肺功能下降有关，尤其是男孩。
