Gennari Marialuisa, Tamanza Giancarlo, Molgora Sara
Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2018 Aug 17;9:1471. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01471. eCollection 2018.
Intimate partner violence is defined by the World Health Organization as "any behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm to those in the relationship" and it refers to a specific relationship dynamic. In recent decades, an increasing number of studies have focused on this phenomenon, considering its exponential growth over time. Many studies have focused on risk factors for violence within the couple relationship. This paper specifically analyses the association between violence and separation or divorce. Although many interventions have been developed over the years, the effectiveness of extant interventions on violent behaviors is not yet empirically supported. Since clinical experience allows to affirm that both partners can be involved in treatment for intimate partner violence especially during mandated proceedings, the present study focuses on domestic violence in separated couples involved in a child custody evaluation process. In this case, literature supports the need for individualized assessment in order to promote the best intervention according to the specific conditions of each partner, whether the battered one or the perpetrator. However, little research has been done on child custody evaluation in the presence of violent couples. The aim of the present study is to present a model of couple clinical intervention with a separated violent couple in the context of a child custody evaluation. This model can be defined as relational-intergenerational and its main aim is to understand the exchange between familial generations and to search for factors that safeguard and care for family relations. Furthermore, according also to the therapeutic assessment approach, there is an intrinsic connection between assessment and "family transformative potential." This paper presents the specific working methodology underlying this model, through the description of a single clinical case. In particular, the proposed model provides a multi-dimensional assessment comprising three levels: individual, evaluating parents' history through representations, thoughts, and feelings; interpersonal, investigating the different relations; discussion and dialogue with the parental couple about findings.
世界卫生组织将亲密伴侣暴力定义为“亲密关系中对关系中的人造成身体、心理或性伤害的任何行为”，它指的是一种特定的关系动态。近几十年来，越来越多的研究关注这一现象，考虑到其随时间呈指数增长。许多研究聚焦于伴侣关系中暴力行为的风险因素。本文具体分析暴力与分居或离婚之间的关联。尽管多年来已开发出许多干预措施，但现有干预措施对暴力行为的有效性尚未得到实证支持。由于临床经验表明，双方伴侣都可参与亲密伴侣暴力的治疗，尤其是在强制程序期间，本研究聚焦于参与子女监护权评估程序的分居夫妻中的家庭暴力。在这种情况下，文献支持进行个性化评估的必要性，以便根据每个伴侣（无论是受虐方还是施暴方）的具体情况促进最佳干预。然而，针对存在暴力行为的夫妻的子女监护权评估研究较少。本研究的目的是提出一种针对在子女监护权评估背景下的分居暴力夫妻的夫妻临床干预模式。这种模式可被定义为关系 - 代际模式，其主要目的是理解家庭代际之间的交流，并寻找维护和关爱家庭关系的因素。此外，根据治疗评估方法，评估与“家庭变革潜力”之间存在内在联系。本文通过描述一个个案临床案例，介绍了该模式背后的具体工作方法。具体而言，所提出的模式提供了一个多维度评估，包括三个层面：个体层面，通过表象、想法和感受评估父母的过往经历；人际层面，调查不同的关系；与父母双方就评估结果进行讨论和对话。
