Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2019 Jun;189(2):574-585. doi: 10.1007/s12011-018-1475-y. Epub 2018 Sep 3.
Copper is a transition metal that exists in different chemical forms (e.g., Cu,Cu, and Cu) and at high concentrations it is toxic. Here, we investigated the Cu-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster, evaluating the survival, locomotion, and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. Flies were exposed to Cu(0.1-1 mmol CuSO/kg of diet or approximately 0.1-1 mM Cu) and allowed to mate during 24 h. GST and AChE enzymes were evaluated in the larvae and in the head and the body (thorax + abdomen) of the adult male and females flies. The total number of adult females (0.4-1 mM) and males (0.75 and 1 mM) was decreased by CuSO. The climbing ability was hampered in flies exposed to 1 mM Cu. In larvae, Cu(0.4-1 mM) increased AChE activity (P < 0.002). In males' heads, 0.4 mM Cu increased the AChE activity (P < 0.01). In adults' bodies, Cuinhibited the activity in both sexes, but with greater effectiveness in males (0.1 to 1 mM) than in females (1 mM). Regarding GST activity, 0.1 mM Cuincreased, but 1 mM decrease GST in larvae. In the head of flies, Cudecreased the GST activity at intermediate (0.4 mM) and increased GST at the highest concentration (1 mM) in males. In the bodies, the effect of Cuwas similar. In conclusion, Cuexposure in D. melanogaster disrupted locomotion and enzymatic parameters that can be related to changes in AChE and in the detoxifying GST enzyme.
铜是一种过渡金属，存在于不同的化学形式（例如 Cu、Cu+ 和 Cu2+），在高浓度下具有毒性。在这里，我们研究了铜对黑腹果蝇的毒性，评估了生存、运动以及乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST) 酶的活性。将果蝇暴露于 Cu（0.1-1 mmol CuSO4/kg 饮食或约 0.1-1 mM Cu）中，并允许它们在 24 小时内交配。评估幼虫以及成年雄性和雌性果蝇头部和身体（胸部+腹部）中的 GST 和 AChE 酶。CuSO4 使雌性成虫（0.4-1 mM）和雄性成虫（0.75 和 1 mM）的总数减少。暴露于 1 mM Cu 的果蝇的攀爬能力受到阻碍。在幼虫中，Cu（0.4-1 mM）增加了 AChE 活性（P<0.002）。在雄性头部，0.4 mM Cu 增加了 AChE 活性（P<0.01）。在成年个体的身体中，Cu 抑制了两性的活性，但在雄性（0.1 至 1 mM）比在雌性（1 mM）中更有效。关于 GST 活性，0.1 mM Cu 增加了幼虫中的 GST，但 1 mM Cu 减少了幼虫中的 GST。在果蝇的头部，Cu 在中间浓度（0.4 mM）降低 GST 活性，在最高浓度（1 mM）增加 GST 活性。在身体中，Cu 的作用相似。总之，Cu 暴露在 D. melanogaster 中扰乱了运动和酶学参数，这些参数可能与 AChE 和解毒 GST 酶的变化有关。
