Mohandasan Radhika, Thakare Manikrao, Sunke Suhas, Iqbal Fathima Mukthar, Sridharan Madhav, Das Gaurav
Brain and Feeding Behavior Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
Learn Mem. 2022 Sep 30;29(10):355-366. doi: 10.1101/lm.053545.121. Print 2022 Oct.
The neural basis of behavior is identified by systematically manipulating the activity of specific neurons and screening for loss or gain of phenotype. Therefore, robust, high-scoring behavioral assays are necessary for determining the neural circuits of novel behaviors. We report a simple Y-maze design for olfactory learning and memory assay. Memory scores in our Y-mazes are considerably better and longer-lasting than scores obtained with commonly used T-mazes. Our results suggest that trapping flies to an odor choice in a Y-maze could improve scores. We postulated that the improved scores could reveal previously undetectable memory traces, enabling the study of underlying neural mechanisms. Indeed, we identified unreported protein synthesis-dependent long-term memories (LTMs), reinforced by ingestion of (1) an aversive compound and (2) a sweet but nonnutritious sugar, both 24 h after training. We also used Y-mazes to probe how using a greater reward may change memory dynamics. Our findings predict that a greater sugar reward may extend existing memory traces or reinforce additional novel ones.
行为的神经基础是通过系统地操纵特定神经元的活动并筛选表型的丧失或获得来确定的。因此，强大的、高分值的行为测定对于确定新行为的神经回路是必要的。我们报告了一种用于嗅觉学习和记忆测定的简单Y迷宫设计。我们Y迷宫中的记忆分数比常用T迷宫获得的分数要好得多且持续时间更长。我们的结果表明，在Y迷宫中将果蝇诱捕到气味选择中可以提高分数。我们推测，提高的分数可能会揭示以前无法检测到的记忆痕迹，从而能够研究潜在的神经机制。事实上，我们发现了未报道的蛋白质合成依赖性长期记忆（LTMs），在训练后24小时通过摄入（1）一种厌恶化合物和（2）一种甜但无营养的糖得到强化。我们还使用Y迷宫来探究使用更大的奖励如何改变记忆动态。我们的研究结果预测，更大的糖奖励可能会延长现有的记忆痕迹或强化额外的新记忆痕迹。
