Mundhe Anju Yogesh, Bhilwade Hari, Pandit Sangeeta V
Indian J Exp Biol. 2016 Dec;54(12):822-8.
Monocrotophos (MCP) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in India for controlling various pests. In this study, we evaluated the oxidative stress and genotoxic potential of MCP on the freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck) after 7 days exposure and repair of the damaged DNA after 4 days recovery. The bivalves were exposed to 5.25 mg/L of MCP for 7 days and then allowed to recover for 4 days in pesticide-free water. Increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was recorded in the gill, muscle, foot and mantle tissues. Cellular antioxidant defences i.e. antioxidant enzyme activities like catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase were used as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Altered activities of antioxidant enzymes were observed after exposure. There was a significant recovery in the antioxidative enzymes in the tissues after the recovery period. To monitor genotoxicity of MCP, we used micronucleus and comet assay. Increase in Olive tail moment in the gill cells of exposed mussels as compared to that of control ones indicated significant DNA damage. Our findings suggest that the MCP-induced oxidative stress may be contributing partly to genotoxic damage of gill cells. Thus, these biomarkers are found to be useful in evaluating the toxicity of MCP in mussels.
久效磷（MCP）是一种有机磷农药，在印度被广泛用于控制各种害虫。在本研究中，我们评估了久效磷对淡水贻贝边缘鳞蛤（拉马克）暴露7天后的氧化应激和遗传毒性潜力，以及在无农药水中恢复4天后受损DNA的修复情况。将双壳贝类暴露于5.25毫克/升的久效磷中7天，然后在无农药的水中恢复4天。在鳃、肌肉、足部和外套膜组织中记录到硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质水平的增加。细胞抗氧化防御，即过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶等抗氧化酶活性，被用作氧化应激的生物标志物。暴露后观察到抗氧化酶活性发生改变。恢复期后组织中的抗氧化酶有显著恢复。为了监测久效磷的遗传毒性，我们使用了微核试验和彗星试验。与对照贻贝相比，暴露贻贝鳃细胞中的橄榄尾矩增加表明存在显著的DNA损伤。我们的研究结果表明，久效磷诱导的氧化应激可能部分导致鳃细胞的遗传毒性损伤。因此，这些生物标志物被发现可用于评估久效磷对贻贝的毒性。
