Mundhe Anju Y, Pandit Sangeeta V
Department of Zoology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Toxicol Int. 2014 Jan;21(1):51-6. doi: 10.4103/0971-6580.128793.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the toxic effects of monocrotophos, a widely used organophosphorus pesticide, on Lamellidens marginalis with a wide battery of biomarkers consisting of AchE inhibition, lipid peroxidation, the levels of antioxidant enzymes, and histopathological changes. Animals were exposed to monocrotophos (52.36 mg/l) for four days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) values were measured as index of oxidation while Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione s-Transferase (GST), and Glutathione-Reductase (GR) were measured as index of an antioxidant status. After exposure, a significant reduction of the capability to neutralize radicals was observed. Histopathological changes, such as fibrosis in gill filaments and hypertrophy in mucous cells of foot tissue, were observed after treatment. In a second series of experiment, exposed animals were thereafter transferred to clean water and kept in it up to 28 days to assess the recovery pattern. Significant recovery is observed in AchE and antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative damage observed after acute exposure indicate that mussels faced an oxidative challenge but were able to counteract, as values of anti-oxidants returned near to control values after 28 days. Altered activities in anti-oxidant enzymes due to stress recovered well after 28 days in gill and muscles as compared to foot and mantle. Overall results suggested that oxidative markers are highly sensitive and could be profitably applied to freshwater mussels for environmental quality assessment in freshwater.
本研究旨在评估广泛使用的有机磷农药久效磷对缘板巨蚌的毒性作用，采用了一系列生物标志物，包括乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制、脂质过氧化、抗氧化酶水平以及组织病理学变化。将动物暴露于久效磷（52.36毫克/升）中四天。丙二醛（MDA）值作为氧化指标进行测定，而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）作为抗氧化状态指标进行测定。暴露后，观察到中和自由基的能力显著降低。处理后观察到组织病理学变化，如鳃丝纤维化和足部组织黏液细胞肥大。在第二系列实验中，将暴露后的动物转移到清洁水中并饲养28天，以评估恢复模式。观察到乙酰胆碱酯酶和抗氧化酶有显著恢复。急性暴露后观察到的氧化损伤表明贻贝面临氧化挑战，但能够应对，因为抗氧化剂的值在28天后接近对照值。与足部和外套膜相比，鳃和肌肉中由于应激导致的抗氧化酶活性改变在28天后恢复良好。总体结果表明，氧化标志物高度敏感，可有效地应用于淡水贻贝，用于淡水环境质量评估。
