Kim Do-Hyun
Department of Pediatrics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
Korean J Pediatr. 2018 Sep;61(9):265-270. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2018.06849. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
Neonates, especially extremely low birth weight infants, are among the groups of patients undergoing transfusion frequently. Since they are exposed to higher specific transfusion risks compared to the patients of other age groups, there are many special aspects that must be considered for transfusion therapy in neonates. The transfusion risks in neonates include adverse outcomes specific for preterm infants as well as increased metabolic, immunologic, and infectious complications. To reduce the risks of transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infection and transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease, leukoreduced and irradiated cellular blood products should be used for all neonates. This review summarizes the risks of neonatal transfusion therapy, specific methods to reduce risk, and current trends and practices of red blood cell and platelet transfusions in neonates, to facilitate decision-making for neonatal transfusion.
新生儿，尤其是极低出生体重儿，是经常接受输血治疗的患者群体之一。由于与其他年龄组的患者相比，他们面临更高的特定输血风险，因此新生儿输血治疗必须考虑许多特殊方面。新生儿的输血风险包括早产儿特有的不良后果以及代谢、免疫和感染并发症的增加。为降低输血传播巨细胞病毒感染和输血相关移植物抗宿主病的风险，所有新生儿应使用白细胞滤除和辐照的细胞血液制品。本综述总结了新生儿输血治疗的风险、降低风险的具体方法以及新生儿红细胞和血小板输血的当前趋势和实践，以促进新生儿输血的决策制定。
