UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Immunotherapy. 2018 Sep;10(12):1093-1104. doi: 10.2217/imt-2018-0044.
The identification of cancer testis antigens (CTAs) has been an important finding in the search of potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. CTA is one of the subfamilies of the large tumor-associated antigens groups. It is aberrantly expressed in various types of human tumors but is absent in normal tissues except for the testis and placenta. This CTAs-restricted pattern of expression in human malignancies together with its potential immunogenic properties, has stirred the interest of many researchers to use CTAs as one of the ideal targets in cancer immunotherapy. To date, multiple studies have shown that CTAs-based vaccines can elicit clinical and immunological responses in different tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). This review details our current understanding of CTAs and CRC in regard to the expression and immunological responses as well as some of the critical hurdles in CTAs-based immunotherapy.
癌症睾丸抗原（CTA）的鉴定是寻找癌症免疫治疗潜在靶标的重要发现。CTA 是大型肿瘤相关抗原家族的一个亚家族。它在各种类型的人类肿瘤中异常表达，但除了睾丸和胎盘外，在正常组织中不存在。这种 CTA 在人类恶性肿瘤中的受限表达模式及其潜在的免疫原性特性，引起了许多研究人员的兴趣，将 CTA 用作癌症免疫治疗的理想靶标之一。迄今为止，多项研究表明，基于 CTA 的疫苗可以在包括结直肠癌（CRC）在内的不同肿瘤中引发临床和免疫反应。这篇综述详细介绍了我们目前对 CTA 和 CRC 的理解，包括其表达和免疫反应，以及 CTA 免疫治疗中的一些关键障碍。
