Nouri Rouzbahani Fatemeh, Shirkhoda Mohammad, Memari Feridon, Dana Hassan, Mahmoodi Chalbatani Ghanbar, Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah, Samarghandi Nasim, Gharagozlou Elahe, Mohammadi Hadloo Mohammad Hosein, Maleki Ali Reza, Sadeghian Ehsan, Nia ElhamZainali, Nia Nedazainali, Hadjilooei Farimah, Rezaeian Omid, Meghdadi Saeed, Miri SeyedRohollah, Jafari Fatameh, Rayzan Elham, Marmari Vahid
Pak J Biol Sci. 2018;21(3):135-150. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.135.150.
Cancer is a major burden of disease worldwide with considerable impact on society. The tide of immunotherapy has finally changed after decades of disappointing results and has become a clinically validated treatment for many cancers. Immunotherapy takes many forms in cancer treatment, including the adoptive transfer of ex vivo activated T cells, oncolytic viruses, natural killer cells, cancer vaccines and administration of antibodies or recombinant proteins that either costimulate cells or block the so-called immune checkpoint pathways. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has received a high degree of attention, which mainly contains the treatments for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed death 1 (PD-1), chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4). Here, this paper reviewed the current understandings of the main strategies in cancer immunotherapy (adoptive cellular immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, oncolytic viruses and cancer vaccines) and discuss the progress in the synergistic design of immune-targeting combination therapies.
癌症是一种全球性的主要疾病负担，对社会有着重大影响。在经历了数十年令人失望的结果后，免疫疗法的潮流终于发生了变化，并已成为许多癌症的临床验证治疗方法。免疫疗法在癌症治疗中有多种形式，包括体外激活T细胞的过继性转移、溶瘤病毒、自然杀伤细胞、癌症疫苗以及给予共刺激细胞或阻断所谓免疫检查点途径的抗体或重组蛋白。最近，癌症免疫疗法受到了高度关注，主要包括针对程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）、程序性死亡1（PD-1）、嵌合抗原受体（CAR）和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA-4）的治疗。在此，本文综述了目前对癌症免疫疗法主要策略（过继性细胞免疫疗法、免疫检查点阻断、溶瘤病毒和癌症疫苗）的理解，并讨论了免疫靶向联合疗法协同设计的进展。
