Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, C/ Ramón y Cajal, n°4, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, C/ Ramón y Cajal, n°4, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 1;643:1481-1492. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.284. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
In this study, the removal rates of eight anti-inflammatory and/or analgesic pharmaceuticals, AIAPs (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, diclofenac, codeine, indomethacin and propyphenazone) were assessed in a pilot-scale AO system (including anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic zones), long term operated during two experimental phases using different sets of environmental conditions and operating parameters. qPCR was used to quantify the absolute abundances of total Bacteria, total Archaea, mycolic-acid containing filamentous Actinobacteria (Mycolata) and Fungi within the activated sludge microbial community developed in the system. Multivariate analyses and Spearman correlation coefficients were used in search of significant links among the removal rates of the AIAPs, the abundances of the targeted microbial groups in the activated sludge, and the changes of environmental/operating variables in the AO system. Improved removal efficiencies of several of the AIAPs analyzed (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen) were correlated to higher organic load in the influent water, higher concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), lower temperature and lower food-to-microorganisms ratio (F/M). Removal efficiencies of several pharmaceuticals correlated with increased abundances of Mycolata in the AO system, pointing at this group of bacteria as candidate key players for AIAPs removal in activated sludge.
在这项研究中，我们评估了在一个中试规模的 AO 系统（包括厌氧/缺氧/好氧区）中去除 8 种抗炎和/或镇痛药物（AIAPs）的去除率，该系统在两个实验阶段长期运行，使用了不同的环境条件和操作参数。qPCR 用于定量活性污泥微生物群落中总细菌、总古菌、含有分枝杆菌酸的丝状放线菌（Mycolata）和真菌的绝对丰度。多元分析和斯皮尔曼相关系数用于寻找 AIAPs 的去除率、活性污泥中目标微生物群的丰度以及 AO 系统中环境/操作变量变化之间的显著联系。分析的几种 AIAPs（对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬、萘普生、酮洛芬）的去除效率提高与进水有机负荷增加、混合液悬浮固体浓度（MLSS）升高、温度降低和微生物比（F/M）降低有关。几种药物的去除效率与 AO 系统中 Mycolata 的丰度增加相关，表明该细菌群是活性污泥中 AIAPs 去除的候选关键因素。
