Maza-Márquez Paula, Lee Michael D, Bebout Brad M
Exobiology Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Mar 12;7(3):210. doi: 10.3390/jof7030210.
The abundance and diversity of fungi were evaluated in a hypersaline microbial mat from Guerrero Negro, México, using a combination of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplification of domain-specific primers, and metagenomic sequencing. Seven different layers were analyzed in the mat (Layers 1-7) at single millimeter resolution (from the surface to 7 mm in depth). The number of copies of the 18S rRNA gene of fungi ranged between 10 and 10 copies per g mat, being two logarithmic units lower than of the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria. The abundance of 18S rRNA genes of fungi varied significantly among the layers with layers 2-5 mm from surface contained the highest numbers of copies. Fifty-six fungal taxa were identified by metagenomic sequencing, classified into three different phyla: and . The prevalent genera of fungi were and . Genera of fungi identified in the mat were closely related to genera known to have saprotrophic and parasitic lifestyles, as well as genera related to human and plant pathogens and fungi able to perform denitrification. This research suggests that fungi in the mat may participate in nutrient recycling, modification of community composition through parasitic activities, and denitrification.
利用针对特定结构域的引物进行定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）扩增，并结合宏基因组测序，对墨西哥格雷罗内格罗的一个高盐度微生物垫中的真菌丰度和多样性进行了评估。在该微生物垫中以单毫米分辨率（从表面到7毫米深度）分析了七个不同的层（第1 - 7层）。真菌18S rRNA基因的拷贝数范围为每克微生物垫10⁶至10⁷个拷贝，比细菌的16S rRNA基因低两个对数单位。真菌18S rRNA基因的丰度在各层之间有显著差异，从表面起2 - 5毫米的层中拷贝数最高。通过宏基因组测序鉴定出56个真菌分类单元，分为三个不同的门： 和 。真菌的优势属为 和 。在该微生物垫中鉴定出的真菌属与已知具有腐生和寄生生活方式的属密切相关，也与人类和植物病原体以及能够进行反硝化作用的真菌相关属有关。这项研究表明，该微生物垫中的真菌可能参与养分循环、通过寄生活动改变群落组成以及反硝化作用。
