Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Electrophoresis. 2018 Dec;39(24):3063-3081. doi: 10.1002/elps.201800273. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
The diversification of the chemical properties and biological functions of proteins is attained through posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation. Glycans, which are covalently attached to proteins, play a vital role in cell activities. The microheterogeneity and complexity of glycan structures associated with proteins make comprehensive glycomic analysis challenging. However, recent advancements in mass spectrometry (MS), separation techniques, and sample preparation methods have primarily facilitated structural elucidation and quantitation of glycans. This review focuses on describing recent advances in MS-based techniques used for glycomic analysis (2012-2018), including ionization, tandem MS, and separation techniques coupled with MS. Progress in glycomics workflow involving glycan release, purification, derivatization, and separation will also be highlighted here. Additionally, the recent development of quantitative glycomics through comparative and multiplex approaches will also be described.
蛋白质的化学性质和生物学功能的多样化是通过翻译后修饰实现的，例如糖基化。糖基共价连接到蛋白质上，在细胞活动中起着至关重要的作用。与蛋白质相关的糖链结构的微观异质性和复杂性使得全面的糖组学分析具有挑战性。然而，近年来质谱（MS）、分离技术和样品制备方法的进步主要促进了糖链的结构阐明和定量。本综述重点描述了 2012 年至 2018 年间用于糖组学分析的基于 MS 的技术的最新进展，包括离子化、串联 MS 以及与 MS 耦联的分离技术。这里还将突出显示涉及糖链释放、纯化、衍生化和分离的糖组学工作流程的最新进展。此外，还将描述通过比较和多重方法进行定量糖组学的最新进展。
