Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
J Sep Sci. 2021 Jan;44(1):403-425. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202000878. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
Changes in the glycome of human proteins and cells are associated with the progression of multiple diseases such as Alzheimer's, diabetes mellitus, many types of cancer, and those caused by viruses. Consequently, several studies have shown essential modifications to the isomeric glycan moieties for diseases in different stages. However, the elucidation of extensive isomeric glycan profiles remains challenging because of the lack of analytical techniques with sufficient resolution power to separate all glycan and glycopeptide iso-forms. Therefore, the development of sensitive and accurate approaches for the characterization of all the isomeric forms of glycans and glycopeptides is essential to tracking the progression of pathology in glycoprotein-related diseases. This review describes the isomeric separation achievements reported in glycomics and glycoproteomics in the last decade. It focuses on the mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies, stationary phases, and derivatization techniques that have been developed to enhance the separation mechanisms in liquid chromatography systems and the detection capabilities of mass spectrometry systems.
人类蛋白质和细胞糖组的变化与多种疾病的进展有关，如阿尔茨海默病、糖尿病、多种癌症以及由病毒引起的疾病。因此，几项研究表明，在不同阶段的疾病中，异构糖基部分存在重要的修饰。然而，由于缺乏具有足够分辨率能力的分析技术来分离所有糖和糖肽异构体，因此广泛的异构糖谱的阐明仍然具有挑战性。因此，开发用于鉴定糖蛋白相关疾病中所有异构形式的糖和糖肽的灵敏和准确方法对于跟踪病理进展至关重要。本文综述了过去十年糖组学和糖蛋白质组学中报道的异构分离成就。它侧重于基于质谱的分析策略、固定相和衍生化技术，这些技术已被开发用于增强液相色谱系统中的分离机制和质谱系统的检测能力。
