Department Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, 80060-000 Paraná, Brazil.
Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 10;19(9):2688. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092688.
For decades, cancer biology focused largely on the protein-encoding genes that have clear roles in tumor development or progression: cell-cycle control, apoptotic evasion, genome instability, drug resistance, or signaling pathways that stimulate growth, angiogenesis, or metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), however, represent one of the more abundant classes of cell modulators in multicellular organisms and largely contribute to regulating gene expression. Many of the ~2500 miRNAs discovered to date in humans regulate vital biological processes, and their aberrant expression results in pathological and malignant outcomes. In this review, we highlight what has been learned about the roles of miRNAs in some of the most common human pediatric leukemias and lymphomas, along with their value as diagnostic/prognostic factors.
几十年来，癌症生物学主要集中在那些在肿瘤发生或进展中具有明确作用的蛋白质编码基因上：细胞周期控制、凋亡逃逸、基因组不稳定、耐药性或刺激生长、血管生成或转移的信号通路。然而，microRNAs (miRNAs) 是多细胞生物中更丰富的一类细胞调节剂，主要用于调节基因表达。迄今为止，在人类中发现的约 2500 种 miRNAs 调节着重要的生物学过程，它们的异常表达导致了病理和恶性结果。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了 miRNAs 在一些最常见的人类小儿白血病和淋巴瘤中的作用，以及它们作为诊断/预后因素的价值。
