Sports Health. 2019 Jan/Feb;11(1):91-98. doi: 10.1177/1941738118799084. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is the leading cause of death in young athletes during sports.
: Survival after SCA in young athletes is variable.
: Prospective, active surveillance study.
: Level 3.
: From July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2016, exercise-related SCA in competitive young athletes was identified through a systematic search of traditional and social media sources, direct reporting to the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research, searching of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Resolutions List, regular communication with national and state high school athletic associations, and review of cases in the Parent Heart Watch database.
: A total of 132 cases were identified during the 2-year study period (mean patient age, 16 years; age range, 11-27 years; 84% male; 51% white non-Hispanic/Latino, 30% black/African American, and 11% white Hispanic/Latino). High school athletes accounted for 78 (59%) cases, with 28 (21%) in middle school and 15 (11%) in college athletes. Overall survival was 48% (95% CI, 40%-57%; 64 survivors, 68 deaths). Survival was similar in male versus female athletes but higher in white non-Hispanic/Latino (40/67; 60%) versus black/African American (13/39; 33%) athletes (difference, 27%; 95% CI, 7%-45%; P = 0.008) and white non-Hispanic/Latino versus all minority (18/59; 31%) athletes (difference, 29%; 95% CI, 13%-46%; P = 0.001). Basketball accounted for 30% of cases, followed by football (25%), track/cross-country (12%), and soccer (11%). The majority (93%) of cases were witnessed. If a certified athletic trainer was on-site and involved in the resuscitation, 83% of athletes survived. If an on-site automated external defibrillator was used in the resuscitation, 89% of athletes survived.
: Exercise-related SCA in young, competitive athletes is typically witnessed, providing an opportunity for rapid resuscitation. Additional research is needed to identify factors that affect survival in different athlete populations.
: Public access defibrillator programs should be universal in schools and youth sporting venues and have the potential to increase survival after SCA in young athletes.
心脏骤停（SCA）是运动中年轻运动员死亡的主要原因。
年轻运动员 SCA 后的存活率存在差异。
前瞻性、主动监测研究。
3 级。
从 2014 年 7 月 1 日至 2016 年 6 月 30 日，通过对传统和社交媒体资源的系统搜索、向国家灾难体育伤害研究中心的直接报告、搜索全国大学生体育协会决议清单、与全国和州立高中体育协会的定期沟通以及审查家长心观察数据库中的病例，确定了与运动相关的年轻运动员心脏骤停事件。
在为期 2 年的研究期间，共确定了 132 例病例（平均患者年龄 16 岁；年龄范围 11-27 岁；84%为男性；51%为白人非西班牙裔/拉丁裔，30%为黑人/非裔美国人，11%为白人西班牙裔/拉丁裔）。高中生占 78 例（59%），初中生 28 例（21%），大学生 15 例（11%）。总体存活率为 48%（95%CI，40%-57%；64 例存活，68 例死亡）。男性和女性运动员的存活率相似，但白人非西班牙裔/拉丁裔（40/67；60%）高于黑人/非裔美国人（13/39；33%）运动员（差异 27%；95%CI，7%-45%；P=0.008），白人非西班牙裔/拉丁裔高于所有少数族裔（18/59；31%）运动员（差异 29%；95%CI，13%-46%；P=0.001）。篮球占 30%，其次是足球（25%）、田径/越野（12%）和足球（11%）。大多数（93%）病例均有目击者。如果现场有认证的运动训练师参与复苏，83%的运动员存活。如果在复苏中使用现场自动体外除颤器，89%的运动员存活。
年轻竞技运动员与运动相关的 SCA 通常有目击者，为快速复苏提供了机会。需要进一步研究以确定影响不同运动员群体存活率的因素。
学校和青年体育场馆应普遍设置公共获取除颤器计划，这有可能提高年轻运动员 SCA 后的存活率。
