a Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany.
b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany.
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2018;19(sup1):S21-S35. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2018.1467041.
This narrative review article provides an overview of current psychotherapeutic approaches specific for adjustment disorders (ADs) and outlines future directions for theoretically-based treatments for this common mental disorder within a framework of stepped care.
Studies on psychological interventions for ADs were retrieved by using an electronic database search within PubMed and PsycINFO, as well as by scanning the reference lists of relevant articles and previous reviews.
The evidence base for psychotherapies specifically targeting the symptoms of AD is currently rather weak, but is evolving given several ongoing trials. Psychological interventions range from self-help approaches, relaxation techniques, e-mental-health interventions, behavioural activation to talking therapies such as psychodynamic and cognitive behavioural therapy.
The innovations in DSM-5 and upcoming ICD-11, conceptualising AD as a stress-response syndrome, will hopefully stimulate more research in regard to specific psychotherapeutic interventions for AD. Low intensive psychological interventions such as e-mental-health interventions for ADs may be a promising approach to address the high mental health care needs associated with AD and the limited mental health care resources in most countries around the world.
本文通过叙述性综述，概述了目前针对适应障碍（AD）的心理治疗方法，并概述了在分阶段治疗框架内，针对这种常见精神障碍的基于理论的治疗方法的未来方向。
通过在 PubMed 和 PsycINFO 中进行电子数据库检索，以及扫描相关文章和之前综述的参考文献，检索了针对 AD 的心理干预研究。
目前，专门针对 AD 症状的心理疗法的证据基础相当薄弱，但鉴于正在进行的几项试验，这一基础正在不断发展。心理干预的范围从自助方法、放松技术、电子心理健康干预、行为激活到心理动力学和认知行为疗法等谈话疗法。
DSM-5 和即将出台的 ICD-11 的创新之处在于将 AD 概念化为应激反应综合征，希望能激发更多针对 AD 的特定心理治疗干预的研究。针对 AD 的低强度心理干预，如电子心理健康干预，可能是解决与 AD 相关的高心理健康需求以及世界上大多数国家有限的心理健康资源的一个有前途的方法。
