Fitzsimmons Ross E B, Mazurek Matthew S, Soos Agnes, Simmons Craig A
Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G9.
Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1.
Stem Cells Int. 2018 Aug 19;2018:8031718. doi: 10.1155/2018/8031718. eCollection 2018.
As a result of over five decades of investigation, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a versatile and frequently utilized cell source in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In this review, we summarize the history of MSC research from the initial discovery of their multipotency to the more recent recognition of their perivascular identity and their extraordinary capacity for immunomodulation and angiogenic signaling. As well, we discuss long-standing questions regarding their developmental origins and their capacity for differentiation toward a range of cell lineages. We also highlight important considerations and potential risks involved with their isolation, ex vivo expansion, and clinical use. Overall, this review aims to serve as an overview of the breadth of research that has demonstrated the utility of MSCs in a wide range of clinical contexts and continues to unravel the mechanisms by which these cells exert their therapeutic effects.
经过五十多年的研究，间充质基质/干细胞（MSCs）已成为再生医学和组织工程领域中一种用途广泛且经常使用的细胞来源。在本综述中，我们总结了MSC研究的历史，从最初发现其多能性到最近认识到它们的血管周围特性以及它们非凡的免疫调节和血管生成信号传导能力。此外，我们讨论了关于它们的发育起源以及它们向一系列细胞谱系分化的能力的长期问题。我们还强调了与它们的分离、体外扩增和临床应用相关的重要注意事项和潜在风险。总体而言，本综述旨在概述广泛的研究，这些研究已证明MSCs在广泛的临床环境中的实用性，并继续揭示这些细胞发挥其治疗作用的机制。
