Pecheva Diliana, Kelly Christopher, Kimpton Jessica, Bonthrone Alexandra, Batalle Dafnis, Zhang Hui, Counsell Serena J
Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Computer Science & Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK.
F1000Res. 2018 Aug 21;7. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.15073.1. eCollection 2018.
Measures obtained from diffusion-weighted imaging provide objective indices of white matter development and injury in the developing preterm brain. To date, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used widely, highlighting differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) between preterm infants at term and healthy term controls; altered white matter development associated with a number of perinatal risk factors; and correlations between FA values in the white matter in the neonatal period and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome. Recent developments, including neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and fixel-based analysis (FBA), enable white matter microstructure to be assessed in detail. Constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) enables multiple fibre populations in an imaging voxel to be resolved and allows delineation of fibres that traverse regions of fibre-crossings, such as the arcuate fasciculus and cerebellar-cortical pathways. This review summarises DTI findings in the preterm brain and discusses initial findings in this population using CSD, NODDI, and FBA.
从扩散加权成像获得的测量结果为发育中的早产脑白质发育和损伤提供了客观指标。迄今为止，扩散张量成像（DTI）已被广泛应用，突出了足月早产儿与健康足月儿之间在分数各向异性（FA）和平均扩散率（MD）方面的差异；与多种围产期危险因素相关的白质发育改变；以及新生儿期白质FA值与随后神经发育结局之间的相关性。包括神经突方向离散度和密度成像（NODDI）以及基于固定点的分析（FBA）在内的最新进展，能够详细评估白质微观结构。约束球形反卷积（CSD）能够分辨成像体素中的多个纤维束，并允许描绘穿过纤维交叉区域的纤维，如弓状束和小脑 - 皮质通路。本综述总结了早产脑的DTI研究结果，并讨论了使用CSD、NODDI和FBA在该人群中的初步研究结果。
