Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestr. 91, Erlangen, 91052, Germany.
Diagnostic Imaging, Magnetic Resonance, Product Definition and Innovation, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Allee am Roethelheimpark 2, Erlangen, 91052, Germany.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018 Dec;9(6):1093-1100. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12343. Epub 2018 Sep 16.
BACKGROUND: Changes in muscle fat composition as for example observed in sarcopenia or muscular dystrophy affect physical performance and muscular function, like strength and power. The purpose of the present study is to measure the repeatability of Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing muscle volume and fat in the thigh. Furthermore, repeatability of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for assessing muscle fat is determined. METHODS: A prototype 6-point Dixon MRI method was used to measure muscle volume and muscle proton density fat fraction (PDFF) in the left thigh. PDFF was measured in musculus semitendinosus of the left thigh with a T2-corrected multi-echo MRS method. For the determination of short-term repeatability (consecutive examinations), the root mean square coefficients of variation of Dixon MRI and MRS data of 23 young and healthy (29 ± 5 years) and 24 elderly men with sarcopenia (78 ± 5 years) were calculated. For the estimation of the long-term repeatability (13 weeks between examinations), the root mean square coefficients of variation of MRI data of seven young and healthy (31 ± 7 years) and 23 elderly sarcopenic men (76 ± 5 years) were calculated. Long-term repeatability of MRS was not determined. RESULTS: Short-term errors of Dixon MRI volume measurement were between 1.2% and 1.5%, between 2.1% and 1.6% for Dixon MRI PDFF measurement, and between 9.0% and 15.3% for MRS. Because of the high short-term repeatability errors of MRS, long-term errors were not determined. Long-term errors of MRI volume measurement were between 1.9% and 4.0% and of Dixon MRI PDFF measurement between 2.1% and 4.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The high degree of repeatability of volume and PDFF Dixon MRI supports its use to predict future mobility impairment and measures the success of therapeutic interventions, for example, in sarcopenia in aging populations and muscular dystrophy. Because of possible inhomogeneity of fat infiltration in muscle tissue, the application of MRS for PDFF measurements in muscle is more problematic because this may result in high repeatability errors. In addition, the tissue composition within the MRS voxel may not be representative for the whole muscle.
背景：肌肉脂肪成分的变化，如在肌肉减少症或肌肉营养不良中观察到的变化，会影响身体机能和肌肉功能，如力量和功率。本研究的目的是测量狄克逊磁共振成像（MRI）评估大腿肌肉体积和脂肪的重复性。此外，还确定了磁共振光谱（MRS）评估肌肉脂肪的重复性。
方法：使用原型 6 点狄克逊 MRI 方法测量左大腿的肌肉体积和肌肉质子密度脂肪分数（PDFF）。使用 T2 校正的多回波 MRS 方法测量左大腿半腱肌的 PDFF。为了确定短期重复性（连续检查），计算了 23 名年轻健康（29±5 岁）和 24 名老年肌肉减少症男性（78±5 岁）的狄克逊 MRI 和 MRS 数据的均方根变异系数。为了估计长期重复性（检查之间 13 周），计算了 7 名年轻健康（31±7 岁）和 23 名老年肌肉减少症男性（76±5 岁）的 MRI 数据的均方根变异系数。未确定 MRS 的长期重复性。
结果：狄克逊 MRI 体积测量的短期误差在 1.2%至 1.5%之间，狄克逊 MRI PDFF 测量的短期误差在 2.1%至 1.6%之间，MRS 的短期误差在 9.0%至 15.3%之间。由于 MRS 的短期重复性误差较高，因此未确定长期误差。MRI 体积测量的长期误差在 1.9%至 4.0%之间，狄克逊 MRI PDFF 测量的长期误差在 2.1%至 4.2%之间。
结论：狄克逊 MRI 体积和 PDFF 的高度重复性支持其用于预测未来的行动能力障碍，并衡量治疗干预的效果，例如在老龄化人群中的肌肉减少症和肌肉营养不良。由于肌肉组织内脂肪浸润的不均匀性，MRS 用于肌肉 PDFF 测量的应用更成问题，因为这可能导致较高的重复性误差。此外，MRS 体素内的组织组成可能无法代表整个肌肉。
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