Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
MAGMA. 2024 Dec;37(6):969-981. doi: 10.1007/s10334-024-01195-2. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
OBJECTIVE: To establish an image acquisition and post-processing workflow for the determination of the proton density fat fraction (PDFF) in calf muscle tissue at 7 T. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Echo times (TEs) of the applied vendor-provided multi-echo gradient echo sequence were optimized based on simulations of the effective number of signal averages (NSA*). The resulting parameters were validated by measurements in phantom and in healthy calf muscle tissue (n = 12). Additionally, methods to reduce phase errors arising at 7 T were evaluated. Finally, PDFF values measured at 7 T in calf muscle tissue of healthy subjects (n = 9) and patients with fatty replacement of muscle tissue (n = 3) were compared to 3 T results. RESULTS: Simulations, phantom and in vivo measurements showed the importance of using optimized TEs for the fat-water separation at 7 T. Fat-water swaps could be mitigated using a phase demodulation with an additional B map, or by shifting the TEs to longer values. Muscular PDFF values measured at 7 T were comparable to measurements at 3 T in both healthy subjects and patients with increased fatty replacement. CONCLUSION: PDFF determination in calf muscle tissue is feasible at 7 T using a chemical shift-based approach with optimized acquisition and post-processing parameters.
目的:建立一种用于在 7T 下测量小腿肌肉组织中质子密度脂肪分数(PDFF)的图像采集和后处理工作流程。 材料与方法:根据有效平均信号数(NSA*)模拟,优化了所应用的供应商提供的多回波梯度回波序列的回波时间(TE)。通过在体模和健康小腿肌肉组织(n=12)中的测量来验证得到的参数。此外,还评估了用于减少 7T 时相位误差的方法。最后,将健康受试者(n=9)和肌肉组织脂肪替代患者(n=3)的小腿肌肉组织在 7T 下测量的 PDFF 值与 3T 结果进行比较。 结果:模拟、体模和体内测量均表明在 7T 下使用优化的 TE 进行脂肪-水分离的重要性。使用附加 B 图的相位解调或将 TE 移至更长的值,可以减轻脂肪-水交换。在健康受试者和脂肪替代增加的患者中,在 7T 下测量的肌肉 PDFF 值与在 3T 下的测量值相当。 结论:使用基于化学位移的方法,并优化采集和后处理参数,可在 7T 下对小腿肌肉组织中的 PDFF 进行测定。
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