Ogoh Shigehiko, Washio Takuro, Suzuki Kazuya, Ikeda Keisuke, Hori Takaaki, Olesen Niels D, Muraoka Yoshiho
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe-Shi, Saitama, Japan.
Institute of Personal Health Care Products Research, Kao co ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Physiol Rep. 2018 Sep;6(18):e13859. doi: 10.14814/phy2.13859.
Leg immersion in carbonated water improves endothelial-mediated vasodilator function and decreases arterial stiffness but the mechanism underlying this effect remains poorly defined. We hypothesized that carbonated water immersion increases muscle blood flow. To test this hypothesis, 10 men (age 21 ± 0 years; mean ± SD) underwent lower leg immersion in tap or carbonated water at 38°C. We evaluated gastrocnemius muscle oxyhemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygenation index using near-infrared spectroscopy, skin blood flow by laser Doppler flowmetry, and popliteal artery (PA) blood flow by duplex ultrasound. Immersion in carbonated, but not tap water elevated PA (from 38 ± 14 to 83 ± 31 mL/min; P < 0.001) and skin blood flow (by 779 ± 312%, P < 0.001). In contrast, lower leg immersion elevated oxyhemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygenation index with no effect of carbonation (P = 0.529 and P = 0.495). In addition, the change in PA blood flow in response to immersion in carbonated water correlated with those of skin blood flow (P = 0.005) but not oxyhemoglobin concentration (P = 0.765) and tissue oxygenation index (P = 0.136) while no relations was found for tap water immersion. These findings indicate that water carbonation has minimal effect on muscle blood flow. Furthermore, PA blood flow increases in response to lower leg immersion in carbonated water likely due to a large increase in skin blood flow.
腿部浸入碳酸水中可改善内皮介导的血管舒张功能并降低动脉僵硬度，但其潜在机制仍不清楚。我们推测碳酸水浸泡可增加肌肉血流量。为验证这一假设，10名男性（年龄21±0岁；平均值±标准差）将小腿浸入38°C的自来水或碳酸水中。我们使用近红外光谱评估腓肠肌氧合血红蛋白浓度和组织氧合指数，通过激光多普勒血流仪评估皮肤血流量，并通过双功超声评估腘动脉（PA）血流量。浸入碳酸水而非自来水中可使PA血流量增加（从38±14增加至83±31 mL/min；P<0.001），皮肤血流量增加（增加779±312%，P<0.001）。相比之下，小腿浸入可提高氧合血红蛋白浓度和组织氧合指数，碳酸化对此无影响（P=0.529和P=0.495）。此外，浸入碳酸水后PA血流量的变化与皮肤血流量的变化相关（P=0.005），但与氧合血红蛋白浓度（P=0.765）和组织氧合指数（P=0.136）无关，而浸入自来水后未发现相关性。这些发现表明水的碳酸化对肌肉血流量影响极小。此外，小腿浸入碳酸水后PA血流量增加可能是由于皮肤血流量大幅增加所致。
