Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea.
Choung Ryong Fisheries Co. Ltd., 7825 Iljudong-ro, Namwon-epu, Seogwipo, Jeju 63612, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 14;19(9):2770. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092770.
Hair growth is regulated by the interaction between dermal papilla cells (DPC) and other cells inside the hair follicle. Here, we show the effect and action mechanism of mackerel-derived fermented fish oil (FFO) extract and its component docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the control of hair growth. The hair growth effect of FFO extract was evaluated by the culture method of vibrissa follicles and in vivo dotmatrix planimetry method. FFO extract increased the length of hair-fibers and enabled stimulated initiation into the anagen phase of the hair cycle. As expected, FFO extract significantly increased DPC proliferation. FFO extract induced the progression of the cell cycle and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and Akt. FFO extract induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin, a stimulator of anagen phase, through an increase of phospho-glycogen synthase kinase3β (GSK3β) level. Since various prostaglandins are known to promote hair growth in humans and mice, we examined the effect of DHA, a main omega-3 fatty acid of FFO, on DPC proliferation. DHA not only increased DPC proliferation but also upregulated levels of cell cycle-associated proteins such as cyclin D1 and cdc2 p34. These results show that FFO extract and DHA promote hair growth through the anagen-activating pathways in DPC.
毛发的生长是由真皮乳头细胞（DPC）与毛囊内其他细胞相互作用调控的。在这里，我们展示了鲭鱼发酵鱼油（FFO）提取物及其成分二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）在控制毛发生长方面的作用和作用机制。通过胡须毛囊培养法和体内点矩阵法评估了 FFO 提取物的毛发生长效果。FFO 提取物增加了毛发纤维的长度，并使刺激进入毛发周期的生长期。正如预期的那样，FFO 提取物显著增加了 DPC 的增殖。FFO 提取物诱导细胞周期的进展和细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）、p38 和 Akt 的激活。FFO 提取物通过增加磷酸化糖原合酶激酶 3β（GSK3β）水平诱导β-连环蛋白（一种促进生长期的刺激物）向核内易位。由于已知各种前列腺素可促进人和小鼠的毛发生长，我们研究了 FFO 的主要 ω-3 脂肪酸 DHA 对 DPC 增殖的影响。DHA 不仅增加了 DPC 的增殖，还上调了细胞周期相关蛋白（如 cyclin D1 和 cdc2 p34）的水平。这些结果表明，FFO 提取物和 DHA 通过 DPC 中的生长期激活途径促进毛发生长。
