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我们如何应对反疫苗态度?

How Do We Approach Anti-Vaccination Attitudes?

作者信息

Swingle Christopher A

机构信息

Christopher A. Swingle, DO, MSMA member since 2008, is an attending physician with West County Radiology at Mercy Hospital St. Louis, specializing in nuclear medicine. He is 2018 president of the St. Louis Metropolitan Medical Society.

出版信息

Mo Med. 2018 May-Jun;115(3):180-181.

PMID:30228713
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6140172/
Abstract

There are many things that, as physicians, we universally take for granted. One does not need a background in medical statistics to understand that seat belts save lives and reduce injuries in car accidents. Nor do you need to have an epidemiology degree to know that tobacco smoking is causative for lung cancer. At some point in your undergraduate classes, you almost certainly heard the story of Edward Jenner, the milkmaids, and the resulting smallpox vaccine. Thanks to Dr. Jonas Salk, a true hero of the 20th Century, the last U.S. polio case was in 1979.1 The benefits of vaccination clearly outweigh the risks. Therefore measles, mumps, rubella and diphtheria should be nearly unknown today … right?

摘要

作为医生,有许多事情是我们普遍认为理所当然的。不需要医学统计学背景就能明白安全带能在车祸中挽救生命并减少伤害。也不需要拥有流行病学学位才知道吸烟是导致肺癌的原因。在本科学习的某个阶段,你几乎肯定听过爱德华·詹纳、挤奶女工以及由此产生的天花疫苗的故事。多亏了20世纪真正的英雄乔纳斯·索尔克博士,美国最后一例脊髓灰质炎病例出现在1979年。疫苗接种的益处显然大于风险。因此,如今麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹和白喉应该几乎闻所未闻了……对吧?

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本文引用的文献

1
The psychological roots of anti-vaccination attitudes: A 24-nation investigation.反疫苗态度的心理根源:24 个国家的调查。
Health Psychol. 2018 Apr;37(4):307-315. doi: 10.1037/hea0000586. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
2
Countering antivaccination attitudes.对抗反疫苗态度。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Aug 18;112(33):10321-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1504019112. Epub 2015 Aug 3.
3
Effective messages in vaccine promotion: a randomized trial.疫苗推广中的有效信息:一项随机试验。
Pediatrics. 2014 Apr;133(4):e835-42. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-2365. Epub 2014 Mar 3.
4
The age-old struggle against the antivaccinationists.与反疫苗接种者由来已久的斗争。
N Engl J Med. 2011 Jan 13;364(2):97-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp1010594.
5
The influence of vaccine-critical websites on perceiving vaccination risks.疫苗质疑网站对感知接种风险的影响。
J Health Psychol. 2010 Apr;15(3):446-55. doi: 10.1177/1359105309353647.
6
A postmodern Pandora's box: anti-vaccination misinformation on the Internet.后现代的潘多拉魔盒:互联网上的反疫苗错误信息。
Vaccine. 2010 Feb 17;28(7):1709-16. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.022. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
7
A taxonomy of reasoning flaws in the anti-vaccine movement.
Vaccine. 2007 Apr 20;25(16):3146-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.046. Epub 2007 Jan 18.