Ueda Shuhei, Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari, Khairunisa Siti Qamariyah, Kotaki Tomohiro, Kameoka Masanori
1 Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Hyogo, Japan .
2 Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Hyogo, Japan .
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2019 Apr;35(4):407-413. doi: 10.1089/AID.2018.0221. Epub 2018 Oct 23.
Manado, the capital city of North Sulawesi, is a unique region in Indonesia because of its religion. We collected peripheral blood samples from 63 individuals on antiretroviral therapy. The amplification of viral genomic fragments, viral subtyping, detection of HIV drug resistance-associated mutations (DRAMs), and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Viral subtyping revealed that the most prevalent HIV type 1 (HIV-1) subtype/circulating recombinant form (CRF) was CRF01_AE (84.1%), followed by subtype B (6.8%) and recombinants between CRF01_AE and CRF02_AG (4.5%). Although no major DRAMs were present in protease genes, they were detected in reverse transcriptase (RT) genes. Nine of 38 samples (23.7%) had major DRAMs against nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) and/or non-NRTIs. The results of phylogenetic analyses indicated that CRF01_AE in North Sulawesi is related to that in Bali. Therefore, Bali may play an important role in circulating CRF01_AE in North Sulawesi.
万鸦老，北苏拉威西省的首府，因其宗教信仰而成为印度尼西亚一个独特的地区。我们收集了63名接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的个体的外周血样本。进行了病毒基因组片段扩增、病毒亚型分析、HIV耐药相关突变（DRAMs）检测及系统发育分析。病毒亚型分析显示，最常见的HIV-1亚型/循环重组型（CRF）是CRF01_AE（84.1%），其次是B亚型（6.8%）以及CRF01_AE与CRF02_AG之间的重组型（4.5%）。虽然蛋白酶基因中未发现主要的DRAMs，但在逆转录酶（RT）基因中检测到了。38个样本中有9个（23.7%）对核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs）和/或非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂存在主要的DRAMs。系统发育分析结果表明，北苏拉威西省的CRF01_AE与巴厘岛的相关。因此，巴厘岛可能在北苏拉威西省CRF01_AE的传播中发挥重要作用。
