Patsou Efrossini D, Alexias George T, Anagnostopoulos Fotios G, Karamouzis Michalis V
Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece.
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece,
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2018 Sep 6;11:371-381. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S170027. eCollection 2018.
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide and depression and anxiety are disturbing side effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity in global health, quality of life (QoL), and psychological factors (depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and anxiety) in breast cancer survivors after completing cancer treatment and through survivorship. Demographic variables (marital status, education, income), medical status (cancer stage), and level of physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task [MET]) were tested as predictors of depressive mood, anxiety, self-esteem, and QoL in younger and older breast cancer survivors.
One hundred and seventy-one Greek breast cancer survivors, who had completed cancer treatment at least one and a half years ago, were included in this study. Demographic and medical information, self-reported and objective physical activity levels, global health, QoL, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and anxiety were assessed in all participants.
Active women had lower depressive symptoms, less anxiety, higher self-esteem, and better global health and QoL, compared to the inactive ones, even in the long term after completing treatment through survivorship. Exercise had significant positive correlations with self-esteem, global health, and QoL (physical, role, emotional, cognitive, and social aspects). Moreover, significant negative correlations with anxiety and depressive symptoms were found. Multiple regression analysis revealed that MET and covariates such as income, education, and stage of cancer were significant predictors of depressive symptoms, self-esteem, anxiety, global health, and QoL in younger survivors, while MET, income, education, stage of cancer, and marital status were significant predictors of dependent variables for the older ones.
It can be concluded that exercise should be recommended to cancer survivors even after treatment completion and through survivorship to achieve higher self-esteem, better QoL, and decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms.
乳腺癌是全球影响女性的最常见癌症之一，抑郁和焦虑是癌症诊断和治疗令人困扰的副作用。本研究的目的是调查乳腺癌幸存者在完成癌症治疗并进入 survivorship 阶段后，身体活动与全球健康、生活质量（QoL）以及心理因素（抑郁症状、自尊和焦虑）之间的关联。人口统计学变量（婚姻状况、教育程度、收入）、医疗状况（癌症分期）和身体活动水平（代谢当量任务 [MET]）被作为年轻和老年乳腺癌幸存者抑郁情绪、焦虑、自尊和生活质量的预测因素进行测试。
本研究纳入了 171 名希腊乳腺癌幸存者，他们至少在一年半以前完成了癌症治疗。对所有参与者评估了人口统计学和医疗信息、自我报告和客观的身体活动水平、全球健康、生活质量、抑郁症状、自尊和焦虑。
与不活动的女性相比，即使在完成治疗并进入 survivorship 阶段后的长期内，活跃的女性抑郁症状更少、焦虑更少、自尊更高，全球健康和生活质量更好。运动与自尊、全球健康和生活质量（身体、角色、情感、认知和社会方面）呈显著正相关。此外，还发现与焦虑和抑郁症状呈显著负相关。多元回归分析显示，MET 以及收入、教育程度和癌症分期等协变量是年轻幸存者抑郁症状、自尊、焦虑、全球健康和生活质量的显著预测因素，而 MET、收入、教育程度、癌症分期和婚姻状况是老年幸存者相关变量的显著预测因素。
可以得出结论，即使在完成治疗并进入 survivorship 阶段后，也应建议癌症幸存者进行运动，以实现更高的自尊、更好的生活质量，并减少焦虑和抑郁症状。
