印度南部城市地区印度青少年女孩月经情况的研究。
A study on menstruation of Indian adolescent girls in an urban area of South India.
作者信息
Omidvar Shabnam, Amiri Fatemeh Nasiri, Bakhtiari Afsaneh, Begum Khyrunnisa
机构信息
Department of Midwifery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
出版信息
J Family Med Prim Care. 2018 Jul-Aug;7(4):698-702. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_258_17.
BACKGROUND
Menstrual cycle is an important indicator of women's reproductive health. However, menstruation has a different pattern within a few years after menarche, which might not be well understood by many adolescent girls.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 536 healthy menstruating females aged 10-19 years. Standardized self-reporting questionnaires were used to obtain relevant data. The categorical data were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test.
RESULTS
Mean age of menarche was 13 ± 1.1 years with wide variations, i.e., 10-17 years. 73.1% had cycle duration of 21-35 days. More than half of them reported 5-6 days' duration of menstrual blood flow and 12% of the participants had >7 days of flow. Long blood flow duration was more prevalent in early than in late adolescence. 30.1% reported abundant blood loss. 66.8% had dysmenorrhea and no difference was observed between early and late adolescents. Menstrual cycles tend to be shorter in early adolescence period.
CONCLUSION
A comprehensive school education program on menarche and menstrual problems may help girls to cope better and seek proper medical assistance.
背景
月经周期是女性生殖健康的重要指标。然而，月经初潮后的几年内月经模式有所不同，许多青春期女孩对此可能并不十分了解。
材料与方法
对536名年龄在10至19岁的健康月经来潮女性进行了一项横断面研究。使用标准化的自我报告问卷获取相关数据。分类数据采用卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验进行分析。
结果
月经初潮的平均年龄为13±1.1岁，差异较大，即10至17岁。73.1%的人月经周期为21至35天。超过一半的人报告月经持续时间为5至6天，12%的参与者月经持续时间超过7天。月经持续时间长在青春期早期比晚期更为普遍。30.1%的人报告失血量大。66.8%的人有痛经，青春期早期和晚期之间未观察到差异。青春期早期月经周期往往较短。
结论
一项关于月经初潮和月经问题的全面学校教育计划可能有助于女孩更好地应对并寻求适当的医疗帮助。
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