Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Allergy. 2019 Apr;74(4):709-719. doi: 10.1111/all.13608. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
Microbes in the airway have been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of asthma. The upper airway microbiome influences the dysbiosis of the lower airway microbiome. However, to date, the influence of upper airway microbiome for adult and elderly asthma has not been fully elucidated. Here, the metagenome of upper airway microbiome of young adults and elderly was analyzed to identify their association with adult asthma.
Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from young adult and elderly asthma patients and non-asthmatic subjects. The compositions and functional genes of airway microbiome were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.
The composition of microbiota differed between young adult and elderly, and it was different between asthmatics and non-asthmatics in each age group. Different bacteria were related to FEV predicted in each age group. Genes related to lysine degradation, N-glycan biosynthesis, caprolactam degradation, and PPAR signaling pathway, which could be related to the reduction in inflammation and degradation of air pollutants, were higher in non-asthmatics. Genes related to pentose phosphate pathway, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, flagella assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis-which may all be related to increased inflammation and colonization of pathogenic bacteria-were higher in young adult asthmatic patients. However, the functional genes of airway microbiome in elderly patients were not significantly different according to asthma morbidity.
These results suggest that the composition and function of upper airway microbiome could influence asthma pathogenesis, and the microbiome could play various roles depending on the age group.
气道中的微生物已被证明与哮喘的发病机制有关。上呼吸道微生物组影响下呼吸道微生物组的失调。然而，迄今为止，上呼吸道微生物组对成人和老年哮喘的影响尚未得到充分阐明。在这里，分析了年轻成年人和老年人上呼吸道微生物组的宏基因组，以确定其与成人哮喘的关系。
从年轻的成年哮喘患者和非哮喘患者中采集鼻咽拭子。通过高通量测序分析气道微生物组的组成和功能基因。
年轻成年人和老年人的微生物群落组成不同，每个年龄组的哮喘患者和非哮喘患者之间也存在差异。不同的细菌与每个年龄组的 FEV 预测值相关。与赖氨酸降解、N-聚糖生物合成、己内酰胺降解和 PPAR 信号通路相关的基因在非哮喘患者中更高，这些基因可能与炎症减轻和空气污染物降解有关。与戊糖磷酸途径、脂多糖生物合成、鞭毛组装和细菌趋化性相关的基因在年轻成年哮喘患者中更高，这些基因可能与炎症增加和病原菌定植有关。然而，根据哮喘发病率，老年患者的气道微生物组的功能基因没有显著差异。
这些结果表明，上呼吸道微生物组的组成和功能可能影响哮喘的发病机制，并且微生物组可能根据年龄组发挥各种作用。
