CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
School of Future Technology, Center for Nanochemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2018 Dec;30(51):e1800702. doi: 10.1002/adma.201800702. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
Beyond conventional porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have aroused great interest in the construction of nanocatalysts with the characteristics of catalytically active nanoparticles (NPs) confined into the cavities/channels of MOFs or surrounded by MOFs. The advantages of adopting MOFs as the encapsulating matrix are multifold: uniform and long-range ordered cavities can effectively promote the mass transfer and diffusion of substrates and products, while the diverse metal nodes and tunable organic linkers may enable outstanding synergy functions with the encapsulated active NPs. Herein, some key issues related to MOFs for catalysis are discussed. Then, state-of-the art progress in the encapsulation of catalytically active NPs by MOFs as well as their synergy functions for enhanced catalytic performance in the fields of thermo-, photo-, and electrocatalysis are summarized. Notably, encapsulation-structured nanocatalysts exhibit distinct advantages over conventional supported catalysts, especially in terms of the catalytic selectivity and stability. Finally, challenges and future developments in MOF-based encapsulation-structured nanocatalysts are proposed. The aim is to deliver better insight into the design of well-defined nanocatalysts with atomically accurate structures and high performance in challenging reactions.
超越传统的多孔材料，金属-有机框架（MOFs）在构建纳米催化剂方面引起了极大的兴趣，其特点是将催化活性纳米颗粒（NPs）限制在 MOFs 的腔/通道内或被 MOFs 包围。采用 MOFs 作为封装基质有多种优势：均匀且长程有序的腔可以有效地促进底物和产物的质量传递和扩散，而多样化的金属节点和可调谐的有机连接体可能与封装的活性 NPs 产生出色的协同功能。本文讨论了与 MOFs 催化相关的一些关键问题。然后，总结了 MOFs 封装催化活性 NPs 及其在热、光和电催化领域增强催化性能的协同功能的最新进展。值得注意的是，封装结构纳米催化剂在催化选择性和稳定性方面优于传统的负载型催化剂。最后，提出了基于 MOF 的封装结构纳米催化剂的挑战和未来发展。目的是为在具有挑战性的反应中设计具有原子精度结构和高性能的明确纳米催化剂提供更好的见解。
