用于工业规模能源应用的多孔网状材料的构建。
The structuring of porous reticular materials for energy applications at industrial scales.
作者信息
Asgari Mehrdad, Albacete Pablo, Menon Dhruv, Lyu Yuexi, Chen Xu, Fairen-Jimenez David
机构信息
The Adsorption and Advanced Materials Laboratory (A2ML), Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Chem Soc Rev. 2025 May 19;54(10):4701-4744. doi: 10.1039/d5cs00166h.
Reticular synthesis constructs crystalline architectures by linking molecular building blocks with robust bonds. This process gave rise to reticular chemistry and permanently porous solids. Such precise control over pore shape, size and surface chemistry makes reticular materials versatile for gas storage, separation, catalysis, sensing, and healthcare applications. Despite their potential, the transition from laboratory to industrial applications remains largely limited. Among various factors contributing to this translational gap, the challenges associated with their formulation through structuring and densification for industrial compatibility are significant yet underexplored areas. Here, we focus on the shaping strategies for porous reticular materials, particularly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), to facilitate their industrial application. We explore techniques that preserve functionality and ensure durability under rigorous industrial conditions. The discussion highlights various configurations - granules, monoliths, pellets, thin films, gels, foams, and glasses - structured to maintain the materials' intrinsic microscopic properties at a macroscopic level. We examine the foundational theory and principles behind these shapes and structures, employing both and post-synthetic methods. Through case studies, we demonstrate the performance of these materials in real-world settings, offering a structuring blueprint to inform the selection of techniques and shapes for diverse applications. Ultimately, we argue that advancing structuring strategies for porous reticular materials is key to closing the gap between laboratory research and industrial utilization.
网状合成通过将分子构建单元用牢固的键连接起来构建晶体结构。这一过程催生了网状化学和永久性多孔固体。对孔的形状、尺寸和表面化学性质的这种精确控制使得网状材料在气体存储、分离、催化、传感和医疗保健应用中具有广泛用途。尽管它们具有潜力,但从实验室到工业应用的转变在很大程度上仍然有限。在造成这种转化差距的各种因素中,通过结构化和致密化使其与工业兼容而在配方方面面临的挑战是重大但尚未充分探索的领域。在此,我们专注于多孔网状材料的成型策略,特别是金属有机框架(MOF)和共价有机框架(COF),以促进它们的工业应用。我们探索在严格的工业条件下保持功能并确保耐久性的技术。讨论重点介绍了各种构型——颗粒、整体材料、小球、薄膜、凝胶、泡沫和玻璃——其结构设计旨在在宏观层面上保持材料的固有微观性质。我们研究这些形状和结构背后的基础理论和原理,采用合成前和合成后的方法。通过案例研究,我们展示了这些材料在实际环境中的性能,提供了一个结构化蓝图,为不同应用的技术和形状选择提供参考。最终,我们认为推进多孔网状材料的结构化策略是弥合实验室研究与工业应用差距的关键。