University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Clanwilliam Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2020 Oct;21(4):828-843. doi: 10.1177/1524838018801334. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
The aim of the systematic review described in this article was to synthesize available high-quality evidence on the outcomes of noninstitutional child maltreatment across the life span. A systematic review of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted. Ten databases were searched. One hundred eleven papers which met stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for review. Papers were included if they reported systematic reviews and meta-analyses of longitudinal or cross-sectional controlled studies, or single-group cohort primary studies of the outcomes of child maltreatment in the domains of physical and mental health and psychosocial adjustment of individuals who were children lived mainly with their families. Using AMSTAR criteria, selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses were found to be of moderate or high quality. Searches, study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessments were independently conducted by two researchers, with a high degree of interrater reliability. The 111 systematic reviews and meta-analyses reviewed in this article covered 2,534 independent primary studies involving 30,375,962 participants, of whom more than 518,022 had been maltreated. The magnitude and quality of this evidence base allow considerable confidence to be placed in obtained results. Significant associations were found between a history of child maltreatment and adjustment in the domains of physical health, mental health, and psychosocial adjustment in a very wide range of areas. The many adverse outcomes associated with child maltreatment documented in this review highlight the importance of implementing evidence-based child protection policies and practices to prevent maltreatment and treat child abuse survivors.
本文中描述的系统评价旨在综合现有关于整个生命周期中非机构性儿童虐待后果的高质量证据。对以前的系统评价和荟萃分析进行了系统评价。检索了 10 个数据库。符合严格纳入和排除标准的 111 篇论文被选来进行综述。如果论文报告了关于儿童虐待后果的纵向或横断面对照研究的系统评价和荟萃分析，或在个体身心健康和心理社会适应领域中主要与家人一起生活的儿童的儿童虐待的单组队列原始研究，那么这些论文就会被纳入。使用 AMSTAR 标准，发现所选的系统评价和荟萃分析具有中等或高质量。搜索、研究选择、数据提取和研究质量评估由两名研究人员独立进行，具有高度的评分者间可靠性。本文综述的 111 篇系统评价和荟萃分析涵盖了 2534 项独立的初级研究，涉及 30375962 名参与者，其中超过 518022 人遭受过虐待。该证据基础的规模和质量使我们对获得的结果有相当大的信心。在非常广泛的领域中，发现儿童虐待史与身心健康和心理社会适应领域的调整之间存在显著关联。本综述中记录的与儿童虐待相关的许多不良后果突出了实施基于证据的儿童保护政策和实践的重要性，以预防虐待和治疗虐待儿童的幸存者。
