College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana; New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
Department of Mathematics, Xavier University of Louisiana; New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Sep 24;15(10):2091. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102091.
Although it has been well documented that poor health literacy is associated with limited participation in cancer clinical trials, studies assessing the relationships between cancer health literacy (CHL) and participation in research among diverse populations are lacking. In this study, we examined the relationship between CHL and willingness to participate in cancer research and/or donate bio-specimens (WPRDB) among African Americans, Latinos, and Whites. Participants completed the Cancer Health Literacy Test and the Multidimensional Cancer Literacy Questionnaire. Total-scale and subscale scores, frequencies, means, and distributions were computed. Analyses of variance, the Bonferroni procedure, and the Holm method were used to examine significant differences among groups. Cronbach's alphas estimated scales' internal consistency reliability. Significant interactions were found between race/ethnicity, gender, and CHL on WPRDB scales and subscale scores, even after education and age were taken into account. Our study confirms that CHL plays an important role that should be considered and researched further. The majority of participants were more willing to participate in non-invasive research studies (surveys, interviews, and training) or collection of bio-specimens (saliva, check cells, urine, and blood) and in studies led by their own healthcare providers, and local hospitals and universities. However, participants were less willing to participate in more-invasive studies requiring them to take medications, undergo medical procedures or donate skin/tissues. We conclude that addressing low levels of CHL and using community-based participatory approaches to address the lack of knowledge and trust about cancer research among diverse populations may increase not only their willingness to participate in research and donate bio-specimens, but may also have a positive effect on actual participation rates.
尽管已有大量文献证明健康素养较差与癌症临床试验参与度有限有关,但缺乏评估癌症健康素养(CHL)与不同人群参与研究之间关系的研究。在这项研究中,我们研究了 CHL 与非裔美国人、拉丁裔和白人参与癌症研究和/或捐赠生物样本的意愿(WPRDB)之间的关系。参与者完成了癌症健康素养测试和多维癌症素养问卷。计算了总尺度和子尺度分数、频率、均值和分布。方差分析、Bonferroni 程序和 Holm 方法用于检验组间的显著差异。Cronbach 的 alpha 估计了量表的内部一致性可靠性。即使考虑了教育和年龄因素,种族/族裔、性别和 CHL 之间的交互作用仍然显著影响 WPRDB 量表和子量表的评分。我们的研究证实 CHL 起着重要作用,应该进一步考虑和研究。大多数参与者更愿意参与非侵入性研究(调查、访谈和培训)或生物样本的收集(唾液、检查细胞、尿液和血液),以及由自己的医疗保健提供者、当地医院和大学领导的研究。然而,参与者不太愿意参与需要他们服用药物、接受医疗程序或捐赠皮肤/组织的更具侵入性的研究。我们的结论是,解决 CHL 水平低的问题,并采用基于社区的参与式方法来解决不同人群对癌症研究的知识和信任缺乏的问题,不仅可以提高他们参与研究和捐赠生物样本的意愿,还可能对实际参与率产生积极影响。