Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-0054, Japan.
, Kawagoe, Japan.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2018 Oct;204(9-10):849-858. doi: 10.1007/s00359-018-1284-y. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
Polygonia c-aureum females exhibit photoperiodically induced imaginal diapause, characterized by cessation of ovarian development. Females grown at a short daylength (SD) entered imaginal diapause, whereas those grown at a long daylength (LD) produced eggs rapidly after adult emergence at 21 °C. The termination of diapause was influenced by daylength: diapause ended faster at LD than SD. Complete termination of diapause took 30 days in unchilled females reared under LD at 21 °C. On the other hand, prompt, synchronized and strong diapause termination occurred at post-chilling periods. Photoperiods at post-chilling periods affected ovarian development, when the length of pre-chilling periods or the length of chilling periods was shorter, suggesting that these treatments were not enough to complete diapause development. Ovarian development proceeded earlier in chilled and subsequent warmed females than unchilled females. Wing damage was remarkable at post-chilling periods when females were reared under an adequate length of pre-chilling and chilling periods, especially comparing with females under pre-overwintering conditions without chilling, indicating that post-diapause reproductive development was weak in unchilled females. Thus, exposure to low temperatures is necessary for a strong diapause termination in this butterfly.
金裳凤蝶雌虫表现出光周期诱导的幼虫滞育，其特征是卵巢发育停止。在短光照（SD）下生长的雌虫进入幼虫滞育，而在长光照（LD）下生长的雌虫在 21°C 成虫羽化后迅速产卵。滞育的终止受光照长度的影响：LD 下的滞育终止速度快于 SD。在 21°C 的 LD 下饲养的未冷藏雌虫中，完全终止滞育需要 30 天。另一方面，在冷藏后的时期，会迅速、同步且强烈地终止滞育。冷藏后的光周期会影响卵巢发育，当预冷藏期或冷藏期较短时，这表明这些处理不足以完成滞育发育。与未冷藏的雌虫相比，冷藏和随后升温的雌虫的卵巢发育更早。当雌性在适当的预冷藏和冷藏期下饲养时，在冷藏后的时期翅膀受损明显，特别是与没有冷藏的越冬前条件下的雌性相比，表明未冷藏的雌性滞育后生殖发育较弱。因此，低温暴露对于这种蝴蝶的强烈滞育终止是必要的。
