Kostál Vladimír, Tollarová Michaela, Dolezel David
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre AS CR, Branisovská 31, 370 05 Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
J Insect Physiol. 2008 Jan;54(1):77-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.08.004. Epub 2007 Aug 15.
Reproductive diapause was characterized in females of Pyrrhocoris apterus using physiological parameters (diapause intensity, photoperiodic responsiveness, oxygen consumption, mass and hydration) and changes in relative abundance of mRNA transcripts of eight different genes coding for proteins implemented in energy metabolism, cryoprotectant biosynthesis, biological clocks, and hormonal receptors. Changes in diapause intensity served as a basis for distinguishing successive phases of diapause development, which were driven both endogenously (under constant environmental conditions) and exogenously (in response to a change in environmental conditions). Changes in the relative levels of transcripts of genes coding for aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SoDH) closely matched those of diapause intensity and thus appeared as promising molecular markers of diapause and its development. During the initiation phase, the intensity of diapause and the levels of AR and SoDH transcripts increased and reached a maximum. During maintenance, under a constant temperature of 20 degrees C and short-day photoperiod, the intensity of diapause and the levels of both transcripts first decreased and, later, were maintained constant. Termination of diapause was stimulated by cold, during which the intensity of diapause and the levels of both transcripts further decreased. Upon resumption of direct development (oogenesis, mating and oviposition), the relative abundances of AR and SoDH transcripts decreased to trace levels.
利用生理参数（滞育强度、光周期反应性、耗氧量、体重和含水量）以及编码参与能量代谢、抗冻剂生物合成、生物钟和激素受体的蛋白质的8种不同基因的mRNA转录本相对丰度的变化，对红蝽雌虫的生殖滞育进行了表征。滞育强度的变化是区分滞育发育连续阶段的基础，这些阶段由内源性因素（在恒定环境条件下）和外源性因素（对环境条件变化的反应）驱动。编码醛糖还原酶（AR）和山梨醇脱氢酶（SoDH）的基因转录本相对水平的变化与滞育强度的变化密切匹配，因此似乎是滞育及其发育的有前景的分子标记。在起始阶段，滞育强度以及AR和SoDH转录本水平增加并达到最大值。在维持阶段，在20摄氏度的恒定温度和短日照光周期下，滞育强度以及两种转录本的水平首先下降，随后保持恒定。滞育的终止受到低温刺激，在此期间滞育强度以及两种转录本的水平进一步下降。在恢复直接发育（卵子发生、交配和产卵）时，AR和SoDH转录本的相对丰度降至痕量水平。
