a State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China.
b School of Life Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai , China.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2018 Dec;53(6):596-606. doi: 10.1080/10409238.2018.1508411. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a family of conserved nuclear RNAs that function in the modification of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) or ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), or participate in the processing of rRNAs during ribosome subunit maturation. Eukaryotic DNA transcription and RNA processing produce many long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) species. Although most lncRNAs are processed like typical mRNAs to be 5' capped and 3' polyadenylated, other types of lncRNAs are stabilized from primary Pol II transcripts by alternative mechanisms. One way to generate stable lncRNAs is to co-operate with snoRNA processing to produce snoRNA-ended lncRNAs (sno-lncRNAs) and 5' snoRNA-ended and 3'-polyadenylated lncRNAs (SPAs). Rather than silently accumulating in the nucleus, some sno-lncRNAs and SPAs are involved in the regulation of pre-rRNA transcription and alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs. Here we provide a mini-review to discuss the biogenesis and functions of these unusually processed lncRNAs.
小核仁 RNA(snoRNA)是一类保守的核 RNA,其功能在于修饰小核 RNA(snRNA)或核糖体 RNA(rRNA),或参与核糖体亚基成熟过程中 rRNA 的加工。真核生物的 DNA 转录和 RNA 加工产生了许多长非编码 RNA(lncRNA)种类。尽管大多数 lncRNA 像典型的 mRNA 一样被加工,具有 5'端帽和 3'端多聚腺苷酸化,但其他类型的 lncRNA 则通过替代机制从初级 Pol II 转录物中稳定下来。产生稳定的 lncRNA 的一种方法是与 snoRNA 加工合作,产生 snoRNA 结尾的 lncRNA(sno-lncRNA)和 5' snoRNA 结尾和 3'-多聚腺苷酸化的 lncRNA(SPAs)。一些 sno-lncRNA 和 SPAs 并没有在核内默默地积累,而是参与调控前 rRNA 转录和前体 mRNA 的可变剪接。本文将提供一个小型综述,讨论这些异常加工的 lncRNA 的生物发生和功能。
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