约旦医科和非医科大学生的自我药疗模式。
Patterns of self-medication among medical and nonmedical University students in Jordan.
作者信息
Alshogran Osama Y, Alzoubi Karem H, Khabour Omar F, Farah Shatha
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan,
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
出版信息
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2018 Sep 12;11:169-176. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S170181. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Self-medication practice involves consumption of medicines by one's own initiative or on the consultation of others without the guidance of a physician. Self-medication and use of over-the-counter drugs are prevalent worldwide public health concerns. University students of medical and nonmedical disciplines may have different levels of health education. This study evaluated the prevalence and patterns of self-medication and the attitudes toward this practice among medical and nonmedical university students in Jordan.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 504 students (medical: 248 and nonmedical: 256). The students were invited to complete a questionnaire that included questions primarily related to patterns of physician visits, self-medication practice, symptoms provoking self-medication, and sources of advice.
RESULTS
Self-medication was highly prevalent and comparable between medical and nonmedical students (~96%). Headache (81.9%), cold (58.3%), and flu (53%) were the frequent symptoms provoking self-medication among students. Self-medication for headache (86.7% vs 77.3%) and tooth pain (53.1% vs 27%) was significantly higher among medical vs nonmedical students, respectively. Self-treatment with painkillers (82.3% vs 73%) or antiallergy (11.3% vs 5.9%) drugs was significantly higher among medical students, while the use of anti-flu decongestants (47.6% vs 60.2%) was lower compared to nonmedical students, respectively. Nonmedical vs medical students were significantly more dependent on friends (14.8% vs 7.7%) and own experience (7.4% vs 2.4%) as a source of self-medication advice.
CONCLUSION
Self-medication is common among Jordanian university students of medical and nonmedical disciplines. This practice, if used irrationally, may constitute a health problem that needs awareness and interventions by health care regulators in Jordan. Future studies are warranted to examine the impact of self-medication on students' health.
背景与目的
自我药疗是指在没有医生指导的情况下，自行主动用药或根据他人建议用药。自我药疗和使用非处方药是全球普遍关注的公共卫生问题。医学和非医学专业的大学生可能接受过不同程度的健康教育。本研究评估了约旦医学和非医学专业大学生自我药疗的流行情况、模式以及对这种做法的态度。
方法
对504名学生（医学专业248名，非医学专业256名）进行了描述性横断面研究。邀请学生填写一份问卷，其中包括主要与就诊模式、自我药疗做法、引发自我药疗的症状以及建议来源相关的问题。
结果
自我药疗非常普遍，医学专业和非医学专业学生的情况相当（约96%）。头痛（81.9%）、感冒（58.3%）和流感（53%）是学生中引发自我药疗的常见症状。医学专业学生因头痛（86.7%对77.3%）和牙痛（53.1%对27%）进行自我药疗的比例分别显著高于非医学专业学生。医学专业学生使用止痛药（82.3%对73%）或抗过敏药（11.3%对5.9%）进行自我治疗的比例显著更高，而与非医学专业学生相比，使用抗流感减充血剂的比例（47.6%对60.2%）更低。非医学专业学生比医学专业学生更依赖朋友（14.8%对7.7%）和自身经验（7.4%对2.4%）作为自我药疗建议的来源。
结论
自我药疗在约旦医学和非医学专业的大学生中很常见。这种做法如果不合理使用，可能会构成一个健康问题，需要约旦的医疗保健监管机构提高认识并进行干预。有必要开展进一步研究，以探讨自我药疗对学生健康的影响。
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